Prev: Some history on the Series concept #324 should be #3 ; Correcting Math
Next: history of Series and why Peano did not use Series for Successor #325 ; Correcting Math
From: spudnik on 20 Feb 2010 16:22 if you reply to me, you will be removed by the grammarians! > Clever Einsteinians also know that, if clocks are to "tick more > slowly", the speed of light should be constant in a gravitational > field and, according to the petrifying formula, the wavelength L > should vary with the gravitational potential V in accordance with the > equation L'=L/(1+V/c^2) - an equation that is idiotic, not just > physically absurd. --Another Flower for Einstein: http://www.21stcenturysciencetech.com/articles/spring01/Electrodynamics.html --les OEuvres! http://wlym.com --Stop Cheeny, Ricw & the ICC in Sudan; no more Anglo-american quagmires! http://larouchepub.com/pr/2010/100204rice
From: Pentcho Valev on 21 Feb 2010 05:00 http://arstechnica.com/science/news/2010/02/scientists-obtain-highly-accurate-relativity-measurements.ars "For example, if we synchronize two clocks, take one of them to the top of a mountain for a while, and then bring it back to where the other clock is, the clock that sat still will be running behind the clock that was in the mountains - it was in a more accelerated frame, and time passed more slowly there." http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~djmorin/book.html Chapter 14: "The equivalence principle has a striking consequence concerning the behavior of clocks in a gravitational field. It implies that higher clocks run faster than lower clocks. If you put a watch on top of a tower, and then stand on the ground, you will see the watch on the tower tick faster than an identical watch on your wrist. When you take the watch down and compare it to the one on your wrist, it will show more time elapsed." Note that the two watches are placed at different gravitational potentials (the alleged "gravitational time dilation" is a function of the potential difference) but experience virtually the same gravitational field. This means that, in Einsteiniana's wonderland, identical clocks placed in identical physical surroundings run at different rates, that is, there is an effect without cause. Exceptionally clever Einsteinians such as Banesh Hoffmann have moments of aberration in which they hit Einsteiniana even harder than the worst antirelativists ever do. Below Banesh Hoffmann teaches that gravitational time dilation simply does not exist; rather, something "befalls light signals [their speed changes] as they traverse space and time in the presence of gravitation": http://www.amazon.com/Relativity-Its-Roots-Banesh-Hoffmann/dp/0486406768 Banesh Hoffmann: "In an accelerated sky laboratory, and therefore also in the corresponding earth laboratory, the frequence of arrival of light pulses is lower than the ticking rate of the upper clocks EVEN THOUGH ALL THE CLOCKS GO AT THE SAME RATE. (...) As a result the experimenter at the ceiling of the sky laboratory will see with his own eyes that the floor clock is going at a slower rate than the ceiling clock - EVEN THOUGH, AS I HAVE STRESSED, BOTH ARE GOING AT THE SAME RATE. (...) THE GRAVITATIONAL RED SHIFT DOES NOT ARISE FROM CHANGES IN THE INTRINSIC RATES OF CLOCKS. It arises from what befalls light signals as they traverse space and time in the presence of gravitation." Pentcho Valev wrote: CLIMATE-GATE: http://www.examiner.com/x-37620-Conservative-Examiner~y2010m2d18-UN-climate-chief-resigns-amid-Climategate-scandal "As the Climategate scandal continues to broaden and as more information is disclosed pointing to a stunning consortium of fraud, false information, and shoddy science, it is becoming clear that laws have been broken and that many nations around the world have lost billions of dollars as a result." How about the billions lost as a result of the centennial RELATIVITY- GATE? The latest relativity fraud: http://www.universetoday.com/2010/02/19/einsteins-general-relativity-tested-again-much-more-stringently/ "This time it was the gravitational redshift part of General Relativity; and the stringency? An astonishing better-than-one-part- in-100-million! How did Steven Chu (US Secretary of Energy, though this work was done while he was at the University of California Berkeley), Holger Müler (Berkeley), and Achim Peters (Humboldt University in Berlin) beat the previous best gravitational redshift test... (...) Gravitational redshift is an inevitable consequence of the equivalence principle that underlies general relativity. The equivalence principle states that the local effects of gravity are the same as those of being in an accelerated frame of reference. So the downward force felt by someone in a lift could be equally due to an upward acceleration of the lift or to gravity. Pulses of light sent upwards from a clock on the lift floor will be redshifted when the lift is accelerating upwards, meaning that this clock will appear to tick more slowly when its flashes are compared at the ceiling of the lift to another clock. Because there is no way to tell gravity and acceleration apart, the same will hold true in a gravitational field; in other words the greater the gravitational pull experienced by a clock, or the closer it is to a massive body, the more slowly it will tick." The formula: (frequency) = (speed of light)/(wavelength) acts like the face of Medusa the Gorgon. On seeing it, clever Einsteinians get petrified and stop claiming that clocks "tick more slowly" for a while. The reason is that, according to this formula, the experimentally confirmed frequency shift f'=f(1+V/c^2), where V is the gravitational potential, is consistent with a variation of the speed of light obeying the equation c'=c(1+V/c^2) given by Newton's emission theory of light and explicitly used by Einstein in 1911. Clever Einsteinians know that, if the speed of light is variable in a gravitational field, clocks simply cannot "tick more slowly". Clever Einsteinians also know that, if clocks are to "tick more slowly", the speed of light should be constant in a gravitational field and, according to the petrifying formula, the wavelength L should vary with the gravitational potential V in accordance with the equation L'=L/(1+V/c^2) - an equation that is idiotic, not just physically absurd. Pentcho Valev pvalev(a)yahoo.com
From: Pentcho Valev on 12 Mar 2010 03:29 COLLIDER-GATE: http://www.trinitynews.ie/index.php/features/features/671-could-it-be-that-the-large-hadron-collider-is-being-clock-blocked "The alternative explanation for the series of unfortunate events that have befallen the LHC is hardly less bizarre. Two otherwise respected physicists are now claiming that the much hypothesized Higgs Boson particle might have a "backward causation" effect to stop itself being discovered. In other words, the particle does not wish to be created, or its creation would have such cataclysmic results that the actual universe itself does not wish for it to be created. Thus, at the moment that it is created in the future, forces travel back in time to sabotage the collider before it gets the chance to be made. In pop culture terms, this is basically what happens in Back to the Future, when Marty McFly travels back in time and accidentally erases his future self by stopping his parents from falling in love. (...) The only problem is that the future has cursed the project. The hypothesis seems so bizarre as to be laughable, but for the fact that it is supported by two leading physicists, Holger Bech Nielsen, of the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen, and Masao Ninomiya of the Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics in Kyoto, Japan. They have postulated this idea over the last two years, publishing it in a series of scientific papers with titles such as "Test of Effect From Future in Large Hadron Collider: a Proposal". (...) But perhaps we should not mock these theories. After all, Einstein himself wrote, "for those of us who believe in physics, this separation between past, present and future is only an illusion"." http://consideronline.org/2010/03/10/the-large-hadron-collider-is-still-a-fantastic-waste-of-money/ "The Large Hadron Collider Is Still a Fantastic Waste of Money...."The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) must close at the end of 2011 for up to a year to address design issues, according to an LHC director. Dr Steve Myers told BBC News the faults will delay the machine reaching its full potential for two years." Basically, the LHC is still probably an egregiously bad investment. Dr. Myers does caution that the LHC is "its own prototype," and while its shutdowns get huge press coverage, "you don't hear about the thousands or hundreds of thousands of other areas that have gone incredibly well." Fair enough. But these shutdowns are still hugely expensive, and they push any benefits the LHC may yield to humankind back into an increasingly distant future. The scientists at CERN have yet to convince me that the LHC is a good idea." Pentcho Valev wrote: http://communities.canada.com/calgaryherald/print.aspx?postid=542737 "Real scientists would care about Climategate fraud. The Climategate e- mails are the proverbial smoking gun, but it's curious so few scientists cared about the bleeding scientific body lying at their feet. The word fraud and climate science are being used a lot in the same sentence lately - and, frankly, it's about time. After all, what's astonishing about what has now been dubbed Climategate is myriad, but the most important aspect is that evidence of scientific fraud with regard to global warming science has existed for a very long time, and yet prior to these bombshell e-mails it was just shrugged off by scientists who have become advocates for the theory of man-made global warming. This should always have been troubling. As French philosopher Claude Levi-Strauss wrote: "The scientific mind does not so much provide the right answers as ask the right questions." When it comes to climate science however, those who ask the questions are treated as heretics and called deniers." http://exilestreet.com/?p=1337 "In the most notorious trial in the history of science, the Inquisition condemned Galileo in 1633. The aged scientist was forced to recant his lifes work. The fact that the earth revolves around the sun threatened the church establishment's doctrine. Galileo was worse than right - he was inconvenient. Since his trial, scientists have mythologized him as their secular saint. How times have changed: With the Climategate scandal, we now find scientists in the role of inquisitors - suppressing inconvenient facts and persecuting researchers who challenge the doctrine decreed by the Global Warming clergy." http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a909857880 Peter Hayes "The Ideology of Relativity: The Case of the Clock Paradox" : Social Epistemology, Volume 23, Issue 1 January 2009, pages 57-78 "The gatekeepers of professional physics in the universities and research institutes are disinclined to support or employ anyone who raises problems over the elementary inconsistencies of relativity. A winnowing out process has made it very difficult for critics of Einstein to achieve or maintain professional status. Relativists are then able to use the argument of authority to discredit these critics. Were relativists to admit that Einstein may have made a series of elementary logical errors, they would be faced with the embarrassing question of why this had not been noticed earlier. Under these circumstances the marginalisation of antirelativists, unjustified on scientific grounds, is eminently justifiable on grounds of realpolitik. Supporters of relativity theory have protected both the theory and their own reputations by shutting their opponents out of professional discourse." http://www.renewamerica.us/columns/hutchison/080616 "Like bronze idols that are hollow inside, Einstein built a cluster of "Potemkin villages," which are false fronts with nothing behind them. Grigori Potemkin (17391791) was a general-field marshal, Russian statesman, and favorite of Empress Catherine the Great. He is alleged to have built facades of non-existent villages along desolate stretches of the Dnieper River to impress Catherine as she sailed to the Crimea in 1787. Actors posing as happy peasants stood in front of these pretty stage sets and waved to the pleased Empress. This incident reminds me of the story of Eleanor Roosevelt's Moscow tour guide who showed her the living quarters of communist party bosses and claimed that these were the apartments of the average Russian worker. The incredibly gullible first lady was delighted. Like Catherine, the sentimental Eleanor was prone to wishful thinking and was easily deceived. What has all this to do with Einstein? The science establishment has a powerful romantic desire to believe in Einstein. Therefore, they are not only fooled by Einstein's tricks, they are prepared to defend his Potemkin villages." http://www.perimeterinstitute.ca/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=317&Itemid=81&lecture_id=3576 John Stachel: "Einstein discussed the other side of the particle-field dualism - get rid of fields and just have particles." Albert Einstein 1954: "I consider it entirely possible that physics cannot be based upon the field concept, that is on continuous structures. Then nothing will remain of my whole castle in the air, including the theory of gravitation, but also nothing of the rest of contemporary physics." John Stachel's comment: "If I go down, everything goes down, ha ha, hm, ha ha ha." http://www.ekkehard-friebe.de/wallace.htm Bryan Wallace: "Einstein's special relativity theory with his second postulate that the speed of light in space is constant is the linchpin that holds the whole range of modern physics theories together. Shatter this postulate, and modern physics becomes an elaborate farce!....The speed of light is c+v." http://web.mit.edu/keenansymposium/overview/background/index.html Arthur Eddington: "The law that entropy always increases, holds, I think, the supreme position among the laws of Nature. If someone points out to you that your pet theory of the universe is in disagreement with Maxwell's equations - then so much the worse for Maxwell's equations. If it is found to be contradicted by observation - well, these experimentalists do bungle things sometimes. But if your theory is found to be against the second law of thermodynamics, I can give you no hope; there is nothing for it but to collapse in deepest humiliation." http://www.beilstein-institut.de/bozen2004/proceedings/CornishBowden/CornishBowden.htm ATHEL CORNISH-BOWDEN: "The concept of entropy was introduced to thermodynamics by Clausius, who deliberately chose an obscure term for it, wanting a word based on Greek roots that would sound similar to "energy". In this way he hoped to have a word that would mean the same to everyone regardless of their language, and, as Cooper [2] remarked, he succeeded in this way in finding a word that meant the same to everyone: NOTHING. From the beginning it proved a very difficult concept for other thermodynamicists, even including such accomplished mathematicians as Kelvin and Maxwell; Kelvin, indeed, despite his own major contributions to the subject, never appreciated the idea of entropy [3]. The difficulties that Clausius created have continued to the present day, with the result that a fundamental idea that is absolutely necessary for understanding the theory of chemical equilibria continues to give trouble, not only to students but also to scientists who need the concept for their work." http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/archive/00000313/ Jos Uffink: "This summary leads to the question whether it is fruitful to see irreversibility or time-asymmetry as the essence of the second law. Is it not more straightforward, in view of the unargued statements of Kelvin, the bold claims of Clausius and the strained attempts of Planck, to give up this idea? I believe that Ehrenfest- Afanassjewa was right in her verdict that the discussion about the arrow of time as expressed in the second law of the thermodynamics is actually a RED HERRING." ftp://ftp.esat.kuleuven.ac.be/pub/SISTA/markovsky/reports/06-46.pdf "From the pedagogical point of view, thermodynamics is a disaster. As the authors rightly state in the introduction, many aspects are "riddled with inconsistencies". They quote V.I. Arnold, who concedes that "every mathematician knows it is impossible to understand an elementary course in thermodynamics". Nobody has eulogized this confusion more colorfully than the late Clifford Truesdell. On page 6 of his book "The Tragicomical History of Thermodynamics" 1822-1854 (Springer Verlag, 1980), he calls thermodynamics "a dismal swamp of obscurity". Elsewhere, in despair of trying to make sense of the writings of some local heros as De Groot, Mazur, Casimir, and Prigogine, Truesdell suspects that there is "something rotten in the (thermodynamic) state of the Low Countries" (see page 134 of Rational Thermodynamics, McGraw-Hill, 1969)." Pentcho Valev pvalev(a)yahoo.com
From: Pentcho Valev on 14 Mar 2010 03:26 http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/2010/03/10/2010-03-10_cerns_large_hadron_collider_worlds_largest_atomsmasher_needs_to_be_shut_down_for.html "Scientists have made a major discovery using the Large Hadron Collider, the world's largest atom-smasher, a $5 billion feat of engineering built to re-create conditions in the universe just after the big bang: That it needs to be shut down for repairs." Pentcho Valev wrote: COLLIDER-GATE: http://www.trinitynews.ie/index.php/features/features/671-could-it-be-that-the-large-hadron-collider-is-being-clock-blocked "The alternative explanation for the series of unfortunate events that have befallen the LHC is hardly less bizarre. Two otherwise respected physicists are now claiming that the much hypothesized Higgs Boson particle might have a "backward causation" effect to stop itself being discovered. In other words, the particle does not wish to be created, or its creation would have such cataclysmic results that the actual universe itself does not wish for it to be created. Thus, at the moment that it is created in the future, forces travel back in time to sabotage the collider before it gets the chance to be made. In pop culture terms, this is basically what happens in Back to the Future, when Marty McFly travels back in time and accidentally erases his future self by stopping his parents from falling in love. (...) The only problem is that the future has cursed the project. The hypothesis seems so bizarre as to be laughable, but for the fact that it is supported by two leading physicists, Holger Bech Nielsen, of the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen, and Masao Ninomiya of the Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics in Kyoto, Japan. They have postulated this idea over the last two years, publishing it in a series of scientific papers with titles such as "Test of Effect From Future in Large Hadron Collider: a Proposal". (...) But perhaps we should not mock these theories. After all, Einstein himself wrote, "for those of us who believe in physics, this separation between past, present and future is only an illusion"." http://consideronline.org/2010/03/10/the-large-hadron-collider-is-still-a-fantastic-waste-of-money/ "The Large Hadron Collider Is Still a Fantastic Waste of Money...."The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) must close at the end of 2011 for up to a year to address design issues, according to an LHC director. Dr Steve Myers told BBC News the faults will delay the machine reaching its full potential for two years." Basically, the LHC is still probably an egregiously bad investment. Dr. Myers does caution that the LHC is "its own prototype," and while its shutdowns get huge press coverage, "you don't hear about the thousands or hundreds of thousands of other areas that have gone incredibly well." Fair enough. But these shutdowns are still hugely expensive, and they push any benefits the LHC may yield to humankind back into an increasingly distant future. The scientists at CERN have yet to convince me that the LHC is a good idea." Pentcho Valev pvalev(a)yahoo.com
From: Pentcho Valev on 16 Mar 2010 02:19
http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/editorial/outlook/6909341.html "As the 2006 recipient of the American Society of Engineering Award for Computer Engineering and author of 10 books dealing mostly with computer simulation, I feel qualified to challenge the hypothesis of the authors of the article on global warming that appeared in the Chronicle. Let me also point out that I have never received a penny of federal funds to shill cap and trade, or government subsidies to promote global warming scenarios. The scientists try to justify that the global climate is changing and that this is the result of human activities that produce heat-trapping gases. They base these conclusions on computer models that are highly speculative and incomplete, including some that are notoriously inaccurate and should not be put to the use of linking greenhouse gases and temperature change. Most scientists support this hypothesis. Astrophysicists are unable to predict the movement of celestial bodies using Newtonian physics even with relativistic corrections. In the science of cosmology, only 30 percent of celestial masses can be accounted for, and it requires a mass correction of 70 percent to calculate planetary trajectories. YOU CAN GET ANY ANSWER YOU WANT BY MANIPULATING CONSTANTS." ERNEST J. HENLEY professor emeritus, University of Houston Pentcho Valev wrote: More CLIMATE-GATE: http://www.canadafreepress.com/index.php/article/17641 "A science mafia? In November somebody illegally hacked into the University of East Anglia's Climate Research Unit (CRU) in the UK, subsequently publishing 1079 emails and 72 documents on the Internet. However reprehensible an act of cyber-pilfering, the contents of the authenticated emails were both decidedly in the 'public interest', and carried within them the seeds of a major science scandal; a scandal Andrew Bolt rightly sees as the "greatest in modern science". What was particularly explosive was the unheralded insight it gave us into the scientific 'mafia' world of some of the leading promoters of man-made Global Warming (GW) theory. A theory that is about to divert massive global economic resources into a science 'consensus' black hole. Reading the emails is a chilling experience when one realizes that some of these same individuals gave the UN IPCC 'the spine' to declare the climate science 'settled'. The UK Daily Telegraph's James Delingpole sums up the contents: "Conspiracy, collusion in exaggerating warming data, possibly illegal destruction of embarrassing information, organised resistance to disclosure, manipulation of data, private admissions of flaws in their public claims and much more." (...) Britain's Viscount Monckton, a leading climate sceptic, has denounced the CRU and its partners as "not merely bad scientists - they are crooks. And crooks who have perpetrated their crimes at the expense of British and US taxpayers." How Einstein procrusteanized his equations into conformity with the Mercury precession anomaly (RELATIVITY-GATE): http://alasource.blogs.nouvelobs.com/archive/2009/01/26/l-erreur-d-einstein-la-deuxieme.html "D'abord il [Einstein] fait une hypothèse fausse (facile à dire aujourd'hui !) dans son équation de départ qui décrit les relations étroites entre géométrie de l'espace et contenu de matière de cet espace. Avec cette hypothèse il tente de calculer l'avance du périhélie de Mercure. Cette petite anomalie (à l'époque) du mouvement de la planète était un mystère. Einstein et Besso aboutissent finalement sur un nombre aberrant et s'aperçoivent qu'en fait le résultat est cent fois trop grand à cause d'une erreur dans la masse du soleil... Mais, même corrigé, le résultat reste loin des observations. Pourtant le physicien ne rejeta pas son idée. "Nous voyons là que si les critères de Popper étaient toujours respectés, la théorie aurait dû être abandonnée", constate, ironique, Etienne Klein. Un coup de main d'un autre ami, Grossmann, sortira Einstein de la difficulté et sa nouvelle équation s'avéra bonne. En quelques jours, il trouve la bonne réponse pour l'avance du périhélie de Mercure..." COSMOLOGY-GATE: http://www.physorg.com/news179508040.html "More than a dozen ground-based Dark Energy projects are proposed or under way, and at least four space-based missions, each of the order of a BILLION DOLLARS, are at the design concept stage." http://cosmologystatement.org/ An Open Letter to the Scientific Community (Published in New Scientist, May 22, 2004) "The big bang today relies on a growing number of hypothetical entities, things that we have never observed-- inflation, dark matter and dark energy are the most prominent examples. Without them, there would be a fatal contradiction between the observations made by astronomers and the predictions of the big bang theory. In no other field of physics would this continual recourse to new hypothetical objects be accepted as a way of bridging the gap between theory and observation. It would, at the least, raise serious questions about the validity of the underlying theory." http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/6057362/Give-scientists-the-freedom-to-be-wrong.html Martin Rees: "Over the past week, two stories in the press have suggested that scientists have been very wrong about some very big issues. First, a new paper seemed to suggest that dark energy the mysterious force that makes up three quarters of the universe, and is pushing the galaxies further apart might not even exist." http://www.springerlink.com/content/w6777w07xn737590/fulltext.pdf Misconceptions about the Hubble recession law Wilfred H. Sorrell, Astrophys Space Sci "Reber (1982) pointed out that Hubble himself was never an advocate for the expanding universe idea. Indeed, it was Hubble who personally thought that a model universe based on the tired-light hypothesis is more simple and less irrational than a model universe based on an expanding spacetime geometry (...) ...any photon gradually loses its energy while traveling over a large distance in the vast space of the universe." http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,757145,00.html "Other causes for the redshift were suggested, such as cosmic dust or a change in the nature of light over great stretches of space. Two years ago Dr. Hubble admitted that the expanding universe might be an illusion, but implied that this was a cautious and colorless view. Last week it was apparent that he had shifted his position even further away from a literal interpretation of the redshift, that he now regards the expanding universe as more improbable than a non- expanding one." http://www.sciscoop.com/story/2008/10/30/41323/484 "Does the apparently constant speed of light change over the vast stretches of the universe? Would our understanding of black holes, ancient supernovae, dark matter, dark energy, the origins of the universe and its ultimate fate be different if the speed of light were not constant?.....Couldn't it be that the supposed vacuum of space is acting as an interstellar medium to lower the speed of light like some cosmic swimming pool? If so, wouldn't a stick plunged into the pool appear bent as the light is refracted and won't that affect all our observations about the universe. I asked theoretical physicist Leonard Susskind, author of The Black Hole War, recently reviewed in Science Books to explain this apparent anomaly....."You are entirely right," he told me, "there are all sorts of effects on the propagation of light that astronomers and astrophysicists must account for. The point of course is that they (not me) do take these effects into account and correct for them." "In a way this work is very heroic but unheralded," adds Susskind, "An immense amount of extremely brilliant analysis has gone into the detailed corrections that are needed to eliminate these 'spurious' effects so that people like me can just say 'light travels with the speed of light.' So, there you have it. My concern about cosmic swimming pools and bent sticks does indeed apply, but physicists have taken the deviations into account so that other physicists, such as Susskind, who once proved Stephen Hawking wrong, can battle their way to a better understanding of the universe." http://www.amazon.fr/bang-nest-th%C3%A9orie-comme-autres/dp/2360120026 "Le big bang n'est pas une théorie comme les autres. Ce n'est d'ailleurs pas une théorie physique au sens propre du terme, mais un scénario cosmologique issu des équations de la relativité générale. Il est le modèle qui s'ajuste le mieux aux observations actuelles, mais à quel prix ? Il nous livre un Univers composé à 96 % de matière et d'énergie noires inconnues. C'est donc un euphémisme que de dire que le big bang semble poser autant - sinon plus - de questions qu'il n'en résout. En ce sens, le big bang apparaît davantage comme une paramétrisation de notre ignorance plutôt que comme une modélisation d'un phénomène. Pourtant, le succès du big bang et l'adhésion qu'il suscite, tant dans la sphère scientifique que dans la sphère médiatique, ne se démentent pas. Surmédiatisé, son statut dépasse celui de modèle théorique, et la simple évocation de son nom suffit pour justifier des opérations de marketing scientifique ou rejeter des cosmologies alternatives. Pour éclaircir les problématiques - scientifiques, médiatiques, économiques ou politiques - liées à la cosmologie d'aujourd'hui, il est nécessaire de multiplier les angles de vue et de distinguer, selon leur registre, les différents enjeux. C'est le but que se sont fixés les auteurs de cet ouvrage. Pour chaque point soulevé, leurs regards croisés contribuent à favoriser l'émergence citoyenne d'un esprit éclairé et critique." http://www.lewrockwell.com/orig10/bauer1.1.1.html Suppression of Science Within Science by Henry Bauer "I wasn't as surprised as many others were, when it was revealed that climate-change "researchers" had discussed in private e-mails how to keep important data from public view lest it shake public belief in the dogma that human activities are contributing significantly to global warming. (...) Take cosmology and the Big-Bang theory of the origin of the universe. Halton Arp was a respected, senior American observational astronomer. He noticed that some pairs of quasars that are physically close together nevertheless have very different redshifts. How exciting! Evidently some redshifts are not Doppler effects, in other words, not owing to rapid relative motion away from us. That means the universe-expansion calculations have to be revised. It may not have started as a Big Bang! That's just the sort of major potential discovery that scientists are always hoping for, isn't it? Certainly not in this case. Arp was granted no more telescope time to continue his observations. At age 56, Halton Arp emigrated to Germany to continue his work at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics. But Arp was not alone in his views. Thirty-four senior astronomers from 10 countries, including such stellar figures as Hermann Bondi, Thomas Gold, Amitabha Ghosh, and Jayant Narlikar, sent a letter to Nature pointing out that Big Bang theory: *relies on a growing number of hypothetical . . . things . . . never observed; *that alternative theories can also explain all the basic phenomena of the cosmos *and yet virtually all financial and experimental resources in cosmology go to Big-Bang studies. Just the sort of discussion that goes on in science all the time, arguing pros and cons of competing ideas. Except that Nature refused to publish the letter. It was posted on the Internet, and by now hundreds of additional signatures have been added... (...) Then there's that most abstract of fundamental sciences, theoretical physics. The problem has long been, How to unify relativity and quantum mechanics? Quantum mechanics regards the world as made up of discrete bits whereas relativity regards the world as governed by continuous, not discrete, fields. Since the mid-1970s, there has been no real progress. Everyone has been working on so-called "string theory," which has delivered no testable conclusions and remains a hope, a speculation, not a real theory. Nevertheless, theoretical physicists who want to look at other approaches can't find jobs, can't get grants, can't get published. (...) You begin to wonder, don't you, how many other cases there could be in science, where a single theory has somehow captured all the resources? And where competent scientists who want to try something different are not only blocked but personally insulted?" Pentcho Valev pvalev(a)yahoo.com |