From: usenet on
Einstein was right: space and time bend

Ninety years after he expounded his famous theory, a $700m Nasa probe
has proved that the universe behaves as he said. Now the race is on
to show that the other half of relativity also works

By Anushka Asthana and David Smith
The Observer, U.K.
guardian.co.uk
Sunday, April 15, 2007

Under his name in the Oxford English Dictionary is the simple
definition: genius. Yet for decades physicists have been asking the
question: did Albert Einstein get it wrong? After half a century,
seven cancellations and $700m, a mission to test his theory about the
universe has finally confirmed that the man was a mastermind -- or at
least half proved it.

The early results from Gravity Probe B, one of Nasa's most
complicated satellites, confirmed yesterday 'to a precision of better
than 1 per cent' the assertion Einstein made 90 years ago -- that an
object such as the Earth does indeed distort the fabric of space and
time.

But this -- what is referred to as the 'geodetic' effect -- is only
half of the theory. The other, 'frame-dragging', stated that as the
world spins it drags the fabric of the universe behind it.

Francis Everitt, the Stanford University professor who has devoted
his life to investigating Einstein's theory of relativity, told
scientists at the American Physical Society it would be another eight
months before he could measure the 'frame-dragging' effect precisely.

'Understanding the details is a bit like an archeological dig,' said
William Bencze, programme manager for the mission. 'A scientist
starts with a bulldozer, follows with a shovel, then finally uses
dental picks and toothbrushes to clear the dust away. We're passing
out the toothbrushes now.'

The Gravity Probe B project was conceived in the late 1950s but
suffered decades of delays while other scientists ran tests
corroborating Einstein's theory. It was Everitt's determination that
stopped it being cancelled. The joint mission between Nasa and
Stanford University uses four of the most perfect spheres -- ultra
precise gyroscopes -- to detect minute distortions in the fabric of
the universe. Everitt's aim was to prove to the highest precision yet
if Einstein was correct in the way he described gravity.

According to Einstein, in the same way that a large ball placed on a
elasticated cloth stretches the fabric and causes it to sag, so
planets and stars warp space-time. A marble moving along the sagging
cloth will be drawn towards the ball, as the Earth is to the Sun, but
not fall into it as long as it keeps moving at speed. Gravity, argued
Einstein, was not an attractive force between bodies as had been
previously thought.

Few scientists need the final results, which will be revealed in
December, to convince them of Einstein's genius. 'From the most
esoteric aspects of time dilation through to the beautiful and simple
equation, e=mc2, the vast bulk of Einstein's ideas about the universe
are standing up to the test of time,' said Robert Massey, from the
Royal Astronomical Society.

He said the mission was 'legitimate science' to test a theory and
confirm its brilliance, but others have criticised the costs and
length of the study, claiming that what was announced had already
been shown. Sir Martin Rees, the Astronomer Royal, said the
announcement would 'fork no lightning'.

The theory explained

When Einstein wrote his general theory of relativity in 1915, he
found a new way to describe gravity. It was not a force, as Sir Isaac
Newton had supposed, but a consequence of the distortion of space and
time, conceived together in his theory as 'space-time'. Any object
distorts the fabric of space-time and the bigger it is, the greater
the effect.

Just as a bowling ball placed on a trampoline stretches the fabric
and causes it to sag, so planets and stars warp space-time -- a
phenomenon known as the 'geodetic effect'. A marble moving along the
trampoline will be drawn inexorably towards the ball.

Thus the planets orbiting the Sun are not being pulled by the Sun;
they are following the curved space-time deformation caused by the
Sun. The reason the planets never fall into the Sun is because of the
speed at which they are travelling.

According to the theory, matter and energy distort space-time,
curving it around themselves. 'Frame dragging' theoretically occurs
when the rotation of a large body 'twists' nearby space and time. It
is this second part of Einstein's theory that the Nasa mission has
yet to corroborate.

More at:
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2007/apr/15/spaceexploration.universe

Jai Maharaj, Jyotishi
Om Shanti

o Not for commercial use. Solely to be fairly used for the educational
purposes of research and open discussion. The contents of this post may not
have been authored by, and do not necessarily represent the opinion of the
poster. The contents are protected by copyright law and the exemption for
fair use of copyrighted works.
o If you send private e-mail to me, it will likely not be read,
considered or answered if it does not contain your full legal name, current
e-mail and postal addresses, and live-voice telephone number.
o Posted for information and discussion. Views expressed by others are
not necessarily those of the poster who may or may not have read the article.

FAIR USE NOTICE: This article may contain copyrighted material the use of
which may or may not have been specifically authorized by the copyright
owner. This material is being made available in efforts to advance the
understanding of environmental, political, human rights, economic,
democratic, scientific, social, and cultural, etc., issues. It is believed
that this constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as
provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. In accordance with Title
17 U.S.C. Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without
profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included
information for research, comment, discussion and educational purposes by
subscribing to USENET newsgroups or visiting web sites. For more information
go to: http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml
If you wish to use copyrighted material from this article for purposes of
your own that go beyond 'fair use', you must obtain permission from the
copyright owner.

Since newsgroup posts are being removed
by forgery by one or more net terrorists,
this post may be reposted several times.
From: hari.kumar on
When jay stevens,aka dr. jai etc. can in his own words explain even the
most basic concept of relitivity, we should continue laughing at him for
his pretensions of commenting upon anything scientific.

Science is by his own display of ignorance in his choice of posting
topics not one of his stroung areas. But to come to think of it, what
is in fact any strong area his has of his own apart from reading
headlines and cut and paste?

His pretensions to science are as empty as his other lies about claims
about himself.