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From: Greg KH on 9 Nov 2009 20:20 I'm announcing the release of the 2.6.31.6 kernel. All users of the 2.6.31 kernel series are very strongly encouraged to upgrade. I'll also be replying to this message with a copy of the patch between 2.6.31.5 and 2.6.31.6 The updated 2.6.31.y git tree can be found at: git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-2.6.31.y.git and can be browsed at the normal kernel.org git web browser: http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-2.6.31.y.git;a=summary thanks, greg k-h ------------ Documentation/dontdiff | 1 Makefile | 2 arch/alpha/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S | 1 arch/m68k/Kconfig | 6 arch/mips/kernel/Makefile | 2 arch/mips/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S | 12 arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/cpufreq_32.c | 8 arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/low_i2c.c | 7 arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/pci.c | 61 ++ arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/smp.c | 2 arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/msi.c | 2 arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/xics.c | 9 arch/sparc/kernel/ldc.c | 4 arch/sparc/kernel/setup_32.c | 2 arch/sparc/kernel/setup_64.c | 2 arch/x86/ia32/ia32entry.S | 5 arch/x86/include/asm/amd_iommu.h | 1 arch/x86/include/asm/uv/uv_hub.h | 7 arch/x86/kernel/amd_iommu.c | 2 arch/x86/kernel/amd_iommu_init.c | 24 + arch/x86/kernel/apic/x2apic_uv_x.c | 8 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/therm_throt.c | 67 +-- arch/x86/kernel/e820.c | 4 arch/x86/kernel/tlb_uv.c | 4 arch/x86/kvm/i8254.c | 2 arch/x86/kvm/lapic.c | 2 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c | 3 arch/x86/xen/enlighten.c | 11 drivers/acpi/pci_root.c | 11 drivers/acpi/scan.c | 12 drivers/ata/ahci.c | 52 -- drivers/ata/libata-core.c | 12 drivers/ata/libata-eh.c | 6 drivers/ata/pata_sc1200.c | 3 drivers/ata/pata_via.c | 2 drivers/ata/sata_nv.c | 18 drivers/ata/sata_via.c | 1 drivers/base/driver.c | 2 drivers/char/Kconfig | 6 drivers/char/agp/intel-agp.c | 7 drivers/char/hvc_xen.c | 25 + drivers/char/vt.c | 3 drivers/cpuidle/cpuidle.c | 5 drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_drv.h | 2 drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_reg.h | 14 drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_display.c | 73 +++ drivers/hwmon/it87.c | 5 drivers/input/mouse/synaptics.c | 10 drivers/macintosh/via-pmu.c | 40 + drivers/md/dm-exception-store.c | 22 drivers/md/dm-exception-store.h | 8 drivers/md/dm-log-userspace-base.c | 2 drivers/md/dm-snap-persistent.c | 16 drivers/md/dm-snap.c | 25 - drivers/md/dm.c | 11 drivers/misc/sgi-gru/gruprocfs.c | 13 drivers/net/bonding/bond_main.c | 2 drivers/net/wireless/b43/rfkill.c | 3 drivers/net/wireless/iwlwifi/iwl-rx.c | 34 + drivers/net/wireless/iwlwifi/iwl3945-base.c | 33 + drivers/net/wireless/libertas/if_usb.c | 2 drivers/net/wireless/ray_cs.c | 2 drivers/pcmcia/cs.c | 69 +-- drivers/pcmcia/yenta_socket.c | 12 drivers/scsi/dpt_i2o.c | 4 drivers/serial/8250_pci.c | 11 drivers/usb/serial/option.c | 10 drivers/usb/serial/sierra.c | 23 - drivers/video/console/.gitignore | 2 drivers/video/console/Kconfig | 9 drivers/video/console/Makefile | 12 drivers/video/console/prom.uni | 11 drivers/video/console/promcon.c | 598 --------------------------- drivers/virtio/virtio_ring.c | 3 drivers/watchdog/riowd.c | 2 fs/cifs/connect.c | 3 fs/fuse/file.c | 5 fs/hfsplus/wrapper.c | 4 fs/nfs/client.c | 2 fs/nfs/dir.c | 2 fs/nfs/direct.c | 1 fs/nfs/nfs4proc.c | 15 fs/nfs/nfs4renewd.c | 6 fs/nfs/nfs4xdr.c | 1 fs/nfs/super.c | 2 fs/nilfs2/btnode.c | 3 fs/notify/inode_mark.c | 6 fs/pipe.c | 41 + include/drm/drm_pciids.h | 1 include/linux/moduleparam.h | 1 include/linux/pci_ids.h | 4 include/pcmcia/ss.h | 4 kernel/futex.c | 20 kernel/params.c | 17 mm/mempolicy.c | 13 mm/nommu.c | 6 mm/swapfile.c | 3 mm/vmscan.c | 2 net/mac80211/cfg.c | 6 net/mac80211/tx.c | 2 net/sched/cls_api.c | 2 net/unix/af_unix.c | 2 scripts/Makefile | 1 security/keys/keyctl.c | 2 sound/pci/ice1712/ice1724.c | 2 virt/kvm/kvm_main.c | 7 106 files changed, 715 insertions(+), 980 deletions(-) Alan Cox (4): ray_cs: Fix copy_from_user handling dpt_i2o: Fix up copy*user tty: Mark generic_serial users as BROKEN pata_sc1200: Fix crash on boot Anand V. Avati (1): fuse: prevent fuse_put_request on invalid pointer Andre Detsch (1): powerpc/pci: Fix regression in powerpc MSI-X Andre Przywara (1): KVM: ignore reads from AMDs C1E enabled MSR Andrew Morton (1): dm log: userspace fix incorrect luid cast in userspace_ctr Bastian Blank (1): powerpc: Remove SMP warning from PowerMac cpufreq Ben Hutchings (2): hfsplus: refuse to mount volumes larger than 2TB nfs: Avoid overrun when copying client IP address string Benjamin Herrenschmidt (4): 8250_pci: add IBM Saturn serial card powerpc/pmac: Fix PowerSurge SMP IPI allocation powerpc/pmac: Fix issues with sleep on some powerbooks powerpc: Fix some late PowerMac G5 with PCIe ATI graphics Bj�rn Smedman (1): mac80211: fix for incorrect sequence number on hostapd injected frames Bo Liu (1): mm: remove incorrect swap_count() from try_to_unuse() Bryan Wu (1): USB: option: TLAYTECH TUE800 support Chuck Ebbert (1): ahci: revert "Restore SB600 sata controller 64 bit DMA" Darren Hart (2): futex: Check for NULL keys in match_futex futex: Move drop_futex_key_refs out of spinlock'ed region Darrick J. Wong (1): KVM: Prevent kvm_init from corrupting debugfs structures David Henningsson (1): ALSA: ice1724 - Make call to set hw params succeed on ESI Juli@ David Howells (2): NOMMU: Don't pass NULL pointers to fput() in do_mmap_pgoff() KEYS: get_instantiation_keyring() should inc the keyring refcount in all cases David S. Miller (2): sparc64: Set IRQF_DISABLED on LDC channel IRQs. sparc: Kill PROM console driver. David Woodhouse (1): libertas if_usb: Fix crash on 64-bit machines Dmitry Torokhov (1): Input: synaptics - add another Protege M300 to rate blacklist Earl Chew (1): fs: pipe.c null pointer dereference Elina Pasheva (1): USB: serial: sierra driver send_setup() autopm fix Eric Paris (1): fsnotify: do not set group for a mark before it is on the i_list Fabian Henze (2): agp/intel: Add B43 chipset support drm/i915: add B43 chipset support Gleb Natapov (1): KVM: get_tss_base_addr() should return a gpa_t Greg Kroah-Hartman (1): Linux 2.6.31.6 Huzaifa Sidhpurwala (1): USB: option: Support for AIRPLUS MCD650 Datacard Ingo Molnar (2): x86: mce: Clean up thermal throttling state tracking code x86: mce: Fix thermal throttling message storm Jan Beulich (1): x86-64: Fix register leak in 32-bit syscall audting Jean Delvare (1): hwmon: (it87) Fix VID reading on IT8718F/IT8720F Jens Axboe (1): fuse: fix kunmap in fuse_ioctl_copy_user Jeremy Fitzhardinge (2): xen/hvc: make sure console output is always emitted, with explicit polling xen: mask extended topology info in cpuid Jiri Bohac (1): bonding: fix a race condition in calls to slave MII ioctls Jiri Pirko (1): netlink: fix typo in initialization (CVE-2009-3612) Joerg Roedel (2): x86/amd-iommu: Workaround for erratum 63 x86/amd-iommu: Un__init function required on shutdown Johannes Berg (1): mac80211: check interface is down before type change Jonathan Brassow (1): dm snapshot: free exception store on init failure JosephChan(a)via.com.tw (2): sata_via: Remove redundant device ID for VIA VT8261 pata_via: extend the rev_max for VT6330 KOSAKI Motohiro (2): mbind(): fix leak of never putback pages do_mbind(): fix memory leak Kevin Hilman (1): cpuidle: always return with interrupts enabled Kiyoshi Ueda (1): dm: dec_pending needs locking to save error value Larry Finger (1): b43: Fix Bugzilla #14181 and the bug from the previous 'fix' Len Brown (1): Revert "ACPI: Attach the ACPI device to the ACPI handle as early as possible" Linus Torvalds (1): sgi-gru: decrapfiy options_write() function Manuel Lauss (1): mips: fix build of vmlinux.lds Marcelo Tosatti (1): KVM: use proper hrtimer function to retrieve expiration time Michael S. Tsirkin (1): virtio: order used ring after used index read Mikulas Patocka (5): dm snapshot: sort by chunk size to fix race dm exception store: fix failed set_chunk_size error path dm snapshot: lock snapshot while supplying status dm snapshot: require non zero chunk size by end of ctr dm snapshot: use unsigned integer chunk size OGAWA Hirofumi (1): dpt_i2o: Fix typo of EINVAL Rafael J. Wysocki (2): ACPI / PCI: Fix NULL pointer dereference in acpi_get_pci_dev() (rev. 2) PM / yenta: Split resume into early and late parts (rev. 4) Reinette Chatre (2): iwlwifi: fix potential rx buffer loss iwlwifi: reduce noise when skb allocation fails Robin Holt (2): x86, UV: Fix information in __uv_hub_info structure x86, UV: Set DELIVERY_MODE=4 for vector=NMI_VECTOR in uv_hub_send_ipi() Ronnie Furuskog (1): USB: option: Patch for Huawei Mobile Broadband E270+ Modem Rusty Russell (3): param: fix lots of bugs with writing charp params from sysfs, by leaking mem. param: fix NULL comparison on oom param: fix setting arrays of bool Ryusuke Konishi (1): nilfs2: fix dirty page accounting leak causing hang at write Sam Ravnborg (1): alpha: fix build after vmlinux.lds.S cleanup Stas Sergeev (1): Driver core: fix driver_register() return value Steve French (1): CIFS: Fixing to avoid invalid kfree() in cifs_get_tcp_session() Tejun Heo (3): libata: fix internal command failure handling libata: fix PMP initialization sata_nv: make sure link is brough up online when skipping hardreset Terry Loftin (1): nfs: Panic when commit fails Thomas Gleixner (3): futex: Handle spurious wake up futex: Fix spurious wakeup for requeue_pi really watchdog: Fix rio watchdog probe function Tomoki Sekiyama (1): AF_UNIX: Fix deadlock on connecting to shutdown socket (CVE-2009-3621) Trond Myklebust (4): NFSv4: Fix a bug when the server returns NFS4ERR_RESOURCE NFSv4: Fix two unbalanced put_rpccred() issues. NFSv4: Kill nfs4_renewd_prepare_shutdown() NFSv4: The link() operation should return any delegation on the file Wu Fengguang (1): vmscan: limit VM_EXEC protection to file pages Yinghai Lu (2): pci: increase alignment to make more space for hidden code nfs: Fix nfs_parse_mount_options() kfree() leak Zdenek Kabelac (1): dm: add missing del_gendisk to alloc_dev error path Zhenyu Wang (3): drm/i915: Fix FDI M/N setting according with correct color depth drm/i915: fix to setup display reference clock control on Ironlake drm/i915: fix panel fitting filter coefficient select for Ironlake -- To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-kernel" in the body of a message to majordomo(a)vger.kernel.org More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html Please read the FAQ at http://www.tux.org/lkml/
From: tmhikaru on 12 Nov 2009 03:10
As I've had with the last few kernel releases in the 2.6.31.x series, I'm still having a problem where I'm constantly getting seemingly random I/O errors in dmesg output for my external usb hard drive. The thing that worries me is that although my ext4 filesystem is configured to remount readonly when problems occur, it is not in fact doing so. Does this mean the error is transient, worked around, and I can ignore it, or ... what? Specifically it is these messages I'm recieving whenever I do heavy duty work with the drive that worries me: sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled error code sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=0x07 driverbyte=0x00 end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 79713943 Note that the sector number is never the same, and has never been the same over a month's worth of I/O errors, but the unhandled error code result always stays the same, though that also does not always show up. In my attempts to determine if there's some sort of filesystem corruption going on I haven't been able to find any problems - files that were changed while the I/O errors seemed to be being generated are in fact perfect copies according to md5sum. I *really* need to know exactly what is going on here. Worst case scenario I can think of is that the hard drive is going bad, but the symptoms don't seem to bear that out. I need to know what the error messages - combined with the the filesystem behavior (NOT remounting readonly) - mean. I use the usb drive (a 250gb seagate using a rosewill external usb kit) to backup two 120GB internal maxtors using rsync. These are all IDE hard drives. I would appreciate any tips on how I can determine if linux is working around the problem silently on its own, or not. The rest of this email includes dmesg output and various filesystem settings I've set. Note in the dmesg output I plugged in and turned on the drive, mounted it and poked around a bit, then unmounted it and ran my backup script (Which e2fsck's it, mounts it, runs rsync to do the actual backup, then unmounts it when it's done) smartctl -H /dev/sda: smartctl version 5.38 [i486-slackware-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/ SMART Health Status: OK fstab: /dev/hda1 / ext4 defaults,barrier=1 1 1 /dev/hdb1 /home/tm/stuff ext4 defaults,user,barrier=1,noauto 0 1 /dev/sda1 /backup ext4 defaults,barrier=1,noauto 0 0 /swap none swap sw 0 0 /dev/cdrom /cdrom auto noauto,owner,ro 0 0 #/dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy auto noauto,owner 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 tune2fs -l /dev/sda1: tune2fs 1.41.8 (11-July-2009) Filesystem volume name: <none> Last mounted on: /backup Filesystem UUID: f624b34a-80d4-422d-9c9e-4c3898b20d03 Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53 Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic) Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype extent flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash Default mount options: (none) Filesystem state: clean Errors behavior: Remount read-only Filesystem OS type: Linux Inode count: 15269888 Block count: 61049000 Reserved block count: 0 Free blocks: 11536553 Free inodes: 14717189 First block: 0 Block size: 4096 Fragment size: 4096 Reserved GDT blocks: 1009 Blocks per group: 32768 Fragments per group: 32768 Inodes per group: 8192 Inode blocks per group: 512 Flex block group size: 16 Filesystem created: Wed Oct 14 00:19:20 2009 Last mount time: Thu Nov 12 02:27:48 2009 Last write time: Thu Nov 12 02:36:22 2009 Mount count: 6 Maximum mount count: 38 Last checked: Mon Nov 9 11:59:38 2009 Check interval: 15552000 (6 months) Next check after: Sat May 8 12:59:38 2010 Lifetime writes: 204 GB Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root) Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root) First inode: 11 Inode size: 256 Required extra isize: 28 Desired extra isize: 28 Journal inode: 8 Default directory hash: half_md4 Directory Hash Seed: 0a63a3e0-f270-41bd-8593-5fe644a69444 Journal backup: inode blocks dmesg: Linux version 2.6.31.6 (root(a)roll) (gcc version 4.3.3 (GCC) ) #1 Tue Nov 10 22:41:09 EST 2009 KERNEL supported cpus: Intel GenuineIntel AMD AuthenticAMD NSC Geode by NSC Cyrix CyrixInstead Centaur CentaurHauls Transmeta GenuineTMx86 Transmeta TransmetaCPU UMC UMC UMC UMC BIOS-provided physical RAM map: BIOS-e820: 0000000000000000 - 000000000009fc00 (usable) BIOS-e820: 000000000009fc00 - 00000000000a0000 (reserved) BIOS-e820: 00000000000e8000 - 00000000000ea000 (reserved) BIOS-e820: 00000000000f0000 - 0000000000100000 (reserved) BIOS-e820: 0000000000100000 - 000000005fff0000 (usable) BIOS-e820: 000000005fff0000 - 000000005fff8000 (ACPI data) BIOS-e820: 000000005fff8000 - 0000000060000000 (ACPI NVS) BIOS-e820: 00000000fec00000 - 00000000fec01000 (reserved) BIOS-e820: 00000000fee00000 - 00000000fee01000 (reserved) BIOS-e820: 00000000ffee0000 - 00000000fff00000 (reserved) BIOS-e820: 00000000fffc0000 - 0000000100000000 (reserved) DMI 2.3 present. last_pfn = 0x5fff0 max_arch_pfn = 0x100000 MTRR default type: uncachable MTRR fixed ranges enabled: 00000-9FFFF write-back A0000-EFFFF uncachable F0000-FFFFF write-protect MTRR variable ranges enabled: 0 base 000000000 mask FC0000000 write-back 1 base 040000000 mask FE0000000 write-back 2 disabled 3 disabled 4 disabled 5 disabled 6 disabled 7 base 0D0000000 mask FF8000000 write-combining initial memory mapped : 0 - 01800000 init_memory_mapping: 0000000000000000-00000000377fe000 0000000000 - 0000400000 page 4k 0000400000 - 0037400000 page 2M 0037400000 - 00377fe000 page 4k kernel direct mapping tables up to 377fe000 @ 7000-c000 ACPI: RSDP 000fa260 00014 (v00 AMI ) ACPI: RSDT 5fff0000 0002C (v01 AMIINT SiS740XX 00001000 MSFT 0100000B) ACPI: FACP 5fff0030 00081 (v01 AMIINT SiS740XX 00000011 MSFT 0100000B) ACPI: DSDT 5fff0110 034D2 (v01 SiS 740 00000100 MSFT 0100000D) ACPI: FACS 5fff8000 00040 ACPI: APIC 5fff00c0 00050 (v01 AMIINT SiS740XX 00001000 MSFT 0100000B) ACPI: Local APIC address 0xfee00000 647MB HIGHMEM available. 887MB LOWMEM available. mapped low ram: 0 - 377fe000 low ram: 0 - 377fe000 node 0 low ram: 00000000 - 377fe000 node 0 bootmap 00008000 - 0000ef00 (6 early reservations) ==> bootmem [0000000000 - 00377fe000] #0 [0000000000 - 0000001000] BIOS data page ==> [0000000000 - #0000001000] #1 [0001000000 - 0001605bd8] TEXT DATA BSS ==> [0001000000 - #0001605bd8] #2 [000009fc00 - 0000100000] BIOS reserved ==> [000009fc00 - #0000100000] #3 [0001606000 - 000160c0dc] BRK ==> [0001606000 - #000160c0dc] #4 [0000007000 - 0000008000] PGTABLE ==> [0000007000 - #0000008000] #5 [0000008000 - 000000f000] BOOTMAP ==> [0000008000 - #000000f000] Zone PFN ranges: DMA 0x00000000 -> 0x00001000 Normal 0x00001000 -> 0x000377fe HighMem 0x000377fe -> 0x0005fff0 Movable zone start PFN for each node early_node_map[2] active PFN ranges 0: 0x00000000 -> 0x0000009f 0: 0x00000100 -> 0x0005fff0 On node 0 totalpages: 393103 free_area_init_node: node 0, pgdat c154b660, node_mem_map c160d000 DMA zone: 32 pages used for memmap DMA zone: 0 pages reserved DMA zone: 3967 pages, LIFO batch:0 Normal zone: 1744 pages used for memmap Normal zone: 221486 pages, LIFO batch:31 HighMem zone: 1296 pages used for memmap HighMem zone: 164578 pages, LIFO batch:31 Using APIC driver default ACPI: PM-Timer IO Port: 0x808 ACPI: Local APIC address 0xfee00000 ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x01] lapic_id[0x00] enabled) ACPI: LAPIC_NMI (acpi_id[0x01] high edge lint[0x1]) ACPI: IOAPIC (id[0x02] address[0xfec00000] gsi_base[0]) IOAPIC[0]: apic_id 2, version 17, address 0xfec00000, GSI 0-23 ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 0 global_irq 2 high edge) ACPI: IRQ0 used by override. ACPI: IRQ2 used by override. ACPI: IRQ9 used by override. Enabling APIC mode: Flat. Using 1 I/O APICs Using ACPI (MADT) for SMP configuration information nr_irqs_gsi: 24 PM: Registered nosave memory: 000000000009f000 - 00000000000a0000 PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000000a0000 - 00000000000e8000 PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000000e8000 - 00000000000ea000 PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000000ea000 - 00000000000f0000 PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000000f0000 - 0000000000100000 Allocating PCI resources starting at 60000000 (gap: 60000000:9ec00000) Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 390031 Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=Linux ro root=301 vt.default_utf8=0 PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 12, 16384 bytes) Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 7, 524288 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes) Enabling fast FPU save and restore... done. Enabling unmasked SIMD FPU exception support... done. Initializing CPU#0 Initializing HighMem for node 0 (000377fe:0005fff0) Memory: 1552220k/1572800k available (4017k kernel code, 19312k reserved, 1431k data, 376k init, 663496k highmem) virtual kernel memory layout: fixmap : 0xfffa4000 - 0xfffff000 ( 364 kB) pkmap : 0xff800000 - 0xffc00000 (4096 kB) vmalloc : 0xf7ffe000 - 0xff7fe000 ( 120 MB) lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xf77fe000 ( 887 MB) .init : 0xc1553000 - 0xc15b1000 ( 376 kB) .data : 0xc13ec426 - 0xc1552128 (1431 kB) .text : 0xc1000000 - 0xc13ec426 (4017 kB) Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode...Ok. SLUB: Genslabs=13, HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 NR_IRQS:288 Fast TSC calibration using PIT Detected 2083.004 MHz processor. Console: colour VGA+ 80x25 console [tty0] enabled Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 4166.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=2083004) Security Framework initialized Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 CPU: CLK_CTL MSR was 6003d22f. Reprogramming to 2003d22f CPU: L1 I Cache: 64K (64 bytes/line), D cache 64K (64 bytes/line) CPU: L2 Cache: 512K (64 bytes/line) mce: CPU supports 4 MCE banks Performance Counters: AMD PMU driver. .... version: 0 .... bit width: 48 .... generic counters: 4 .... value mask: 0000ffffffffffff .... max period: 00007fffffffffff .... fixed-purpose counters: 0 .... counter mask: 000000000000000f CPU: AMD Athlon(tm) XP 2800+ stepping 00 Checking 'hlt' instruction... OK. ACPI: Core revision 20090521 ...TIMER: vector=0x30 apic1=0 pin1=2 apic2=-1 pin2=-1 xor: automatically using best checksumming function: pIII_sse pIII_sse : 2740.000 MB/sec xor: using function: pIII_sse (2740.000 MB/sec) NET: Registered protocol family 16 ACPI: bus type pci registered PCI: PCI BIOS revision 2.10 entry at 0xfdb01, last bus=2 PCI: Using configuration type 1 for base access bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0 ACPI: EC: Look up EC in DSDT ACPI: Interpreter enabled ACPI: (supports S0 S1 S4 S5) ACPI: Using IOAPIC for interrupt routing ACPI: Power Resource [URP1] (off) ACPI: Power Resource [URP2] (off) ACPI: Power Resource [FDDP] (off) ACPI: Power Resource [LPTP] (off) ACPI: No dock devices found. ACPI: PCI Root Bridge [PCI0] (0000:00) pci 0000:00:00.0: reg 10 32bit mmio: [0xd0000000-0xd7ffffff] pci 0000:00:02.0: Enabling SiS 96x SMBus pci 0000:00:02.1: reg 20 io port: [0xc00-0xc1f] pci 0000:00:02.5: reg 20 io port: [0xff00-0xff0f] pci 0000:00:03.0: reg 10 32bit mmio: [0xcfffe000-0xcfffefff] pci 0000:00:03.1: reg 10 32bit mmio: [0xcffff000-0xcfffffff] pci 0000:00:03.2: reg 10 32bit mmio: [0xcffdf000-0xcffdffff] pci 0000:00:03.2: PME# supported from D0 D3hot D3cold pci 0000:00:03.2: PME# disabled pci 0000:00:04.0: reg 10 io port: [0xdc00-0xdcff] pci 0000:00:04.0: reg 14 32bit mmio: [0xcfffd000-0xcfffdfff] pci 0000:00:04.0: reg 30 32bit mmio: [0xcffa0000-0xcffbffff] pci 0000:00:04.0: supports D1 D2 pci 0000:00:04.0: PME# supported from D0 D1 D2 D3hot D3cold pci 0000:00:04.0: PME# disabled pci 0000:00:0a.0: reg 10 io port: [0xd800-0xd8ff] pci 0000:00:0a.0: reg 14 32bit mmio: [0xcfffcf00-0xcfffcfff] pci 0000:00:0a.0: reg 30 32bit mmio: [0xcffe0000-0xcffeffff] pci 0000:00:0a.0: supports D1 D2 pci 0000:00:0a.0: PME# supported from D0 D1 D2 D3hot D3cold pci 0000:00:0a.0: PME# disabled pci 0000:00:0c.0: reg 10 io port: [0xd400-0xd43f] pci 0000:00:0c.0: supports D2 pci 0000:01:00.0: reg 10 64bit mmio: [0xb0000000-0xbfffffff] pci 0000:01:00.0: reg 18 64bit mmio: [0xcfef0000-0xcfefffff] pci 0000:01:00.0: reg 20 io port: [0xb800-0xb8ff] pci 0000:01:00.0: reg 30 32bit mmio: [0xcfec0000-0xcfedffff] pci 0000:01:00.0: supports D1 D2 pci 0000:01:00.1: reg 10 64bit mmio: [0xcfee0000-0xcfeeffff] pci 0000:01:00.1: supports D1 D2 pci 0000:00:01.0: bridge io port: [0xb000-0xbfff] pci 0000:00:01.0: bridge 32bit mmio: [0xcfd00000-0xcfefffff] pci 0000:00:01.0: bridge 32bit mmio pref: [0xafa00000-0xcfbfffff] pci_bus 0000:00: on NUMA node 0 ACPI: PCI Interrupt Routing Table [\_SB_.PCI0._PRT] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKA] (IRQs 3 4 5 7 10 *11 12 14 15) ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKB] (IRQs 3 4 5 7 10 11 12 14 15) *0, disabled. ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKC] (IRQs 3 4 *5 7 10 11 12 14 15) ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKD] (IRQs 3 4 *5 7 10 11 12 14 15) ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKE] (IRQs 3 4 5 7 *10 11 12 14 15) ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKF] (IRQs 3 4 *5 7 10 11 12 14 15) ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKG] (IRQs 3 4 5 7 10 11 12 14 15) *0, disabled. ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKH] (IRQs 3 4 5 7 *10 11 12 14 15) SCSI subsystem initialized libata version 3.00 loaded. usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs usbcore: registered new interface driver hub usbcore: registered new device driver usb raid6: int32x1 898 MB/s raid6: int32x2 914 MB/s raid6: int32x4 722 MB/s raid6: int32x8 640 MB/s raid6: mmxx1 1675 MB/s raid6: mmxx2 3050 MB/s raid6: sse1x1 1613 MB/s raid6: sse1x2 2609 MB/s raid6: using algorithm sse1x2 (2609 MB/s) PCI: Using ACPI for IRQ routing pnp: PnP ACPI init ACPI: bus type pnp registered pnp: PnP ACPI: found 12 devices ACPI: ACPI bus type pnp unregistered system 00:01: ioport range 0x290-0x297 has been reserved system 00:01: ioport range 0x480-0x48f has been reserved system 00:01: ioport range 0x4d0-0x4d1 has been reserved system 00:01: ioport range 0xc00-0xc1f has been reserved system 00:01: ioport range 0x3f0-0x3f1 has been reserved system 00:01: iomem range 0xfee00000-0xfeefffff could not be reserved pci 0000:00:01.0: PCI bridge, secondary bus 0000:01 pci 0000:00:01.0: IO window: 0xb000-0xbfff pci 0000:00:01.0: MEM window: 0xcfd00000-0xcfefffff pci 0000:00:01.0: PREFETCH window: 0xafa00000-0xcfbfffff pci_bus 0000:00: resource 0 io: [0x00-0xffff] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 1 mem: [0x000000-0xffffffff] pci_bus 0000:01: resource 0 io: [0xb000-0xbfff] pci_bus 0000:01: resource 1 mem: [0xcfd00000-0xcfefffff] pci_bus 0000:01: resource 2 pref mem [0xafa00000-0xcfbfffff] NET: Registered protocol family 2 IP route cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) TCP established hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes) TCP bind hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes) TCP: Hash tables configured (established 131072 bind 65536) TCP reno registered NET: Registered protocol family 1 highmem bounce pool size: 64 pages VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.5.2 Dquot-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order 0, 4096 bytes) ROMFS MTD (C) 2007 Red Hat, Inc. msgmni has been set to 1737 alg: No test for cipher_null (cipher_null-generic) alg: No test for ecb(cipher_null) (ecb-cipher_null) alg: No test for digest_null (digest_null-generic) alg: No test for compress_null (compress_null-generic) alg: No test for fcrypt (fcrypt-generic) alg: No test for stdrng (krng) async_tx: api initialized (async) Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 254) io scheduler noop registered io scheduler anticipatory registered io scheduler deadline registered io scheduler cfq registered (default) pci 0000:01:00.0: Boot video device pci_hotplug: PCI Hot Plug PCI Core version: 0.5 isapnp: Scanning for PnP cards... isapnp: No Plug & Play device found Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing enabled Switched to NOHz mode on CPU #0 serial8250: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A serial8250: ttyS1 at I/O 0x2f8 (irq = 3) is a 16550A 00:09: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A 00:0a: ttyS1 at I/O 0x2f8 (irq = 3) is a 16550A Floppy drive(s): fd0 is 1.44M FDC 0 is a post-1991 82077 brd: module loaded loop: module loaded input: Macintosh mouse button emulation as /devices/virtual/input/input0 Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver sis5513 0000:00:02.5: SiS 962/963 MuTIOL IDE UDMA133 controller sis5513 0000:00:02.5: IDE controller (0x1039:0x5513 rev 0x00) sis5513 0000:00:02.5: not 100% native mode: will probe irqs later ide0: BM-DMA at 0xff00-0xff07 ide1: BM-DMA at 0xff08-0xff0f Probing IDE interface ide0... hda: Maxtor 6Y120L0, ATA DISK drive hdb: Maxtor 6Y120P0, ATA DISK drive hda: host max PIO4 wanted PIO255(auto-tune) selected PIO4 hda: UDMA/133 mode selected hdb: host max PIO4 wanted PIO255(auto-tune) selected PIO4 hdb: UDMA/133 mode selected Probing IDE interface ide1... hdc: HL-DT-STDVD-RAM GSA-H55N, ATAPI CD/DVD-ROM drive hdc: host max PIO4 wanted PIO255(auto-tune) selected PIO4 hdc: UDMA/66 mode selected ide0 at 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6 on irq 14 ide1 at 0x170-0x177,0x376 on irq 15 ide-gd driver 1.18 hda: max request size: 128KiB hda: 240121728 sectors (122942 MB) w/2048KiB Cache, CHS=65535/16/63 hda: cache flushes supported hda: hda1 hdb: max request size: 128KiB hdb: 240121728 sectors (122942 MB) w/7936KiB Cache, CHS=65535/16/63 hdb: cache flushes supported hdb: hdb1 ide-cd driver 5.00 ide-cd: hdc: ATAPI 48X DVD-ROM DVD-R/RAM CD-R/RW drive, 2048kB Cache Uniform CD-ROM driver Revision: 3.20 PNP: PS/2 Controller [PNP0303:PS2K,PNP0f03:PS2M] at 0x60,0x64 irq 1,12 serio: i8042 KBD port at 0x60,0x64 irq 1 serio: i8042 AUX port at 0x60,0x64 irq 12 mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice md: linear personality registered for level -1 md: raid0 personality registered for level 0 md: raid1 personality registered for level 1 md: raid10 personality registered for level 10 md: raid6 personality registered for level 6 md: raid5 personality registered for level 5 md: raid4 personality registered for level 4 md: multipath personality registered for level -4 device-mapper: ioctl: 4.15.0-ioctl (2009-04-01) initialised: dm-devel(a)redhat.com cpuidle: using governor ladder cpuidle: using governor menu TCP cubic registered Initializing XFRM netlink socket NET: Registered protocol family 17 Using IPI Shortcut mode input: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard as /devices/platform/i8042/serio0/input/input1 md: Waiting for all devices to be available before autodetect md: If you don't use raid, use raid=noautodetect md: Autodetecting RAID arrays. md: Scanned 0 and added 0 devices. md: autorun ... md: ... autorun DONE. EXT4-fs (hda1): barriers enabled kjournald2 starting: pid 1091, dev hda1:8, commit interval 5 seconds EXT4-fs (hda1): delayed allocation enabled EXT4-fs: file extents enabled EXT4-fs: mballoc enabled EXT4-fs (hda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode VFS: Mounted root (ext4 filesystem) readonly on device 3:1. Freeing unused kernel memory: 376k freed input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXPWRBN:00/input/input2 ACPI: Power Button [PWRF] input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/device:00/PNP0C0C:00/input/input3 ACPI: Power Button [PWRB] input: Sleep Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/device:00/PNP0C0E:00/input/input4 ACPI: Sleep Button [SLPB] sis900.c: v1.08.10 Apr. 2 2006 sis900 0000:00:04.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19 0000:00:04.0: VIA 6103 PHY transceiver found at address 1. 0000:00:04.0: Using transceiver found at address 1 as default eth0: SiS 900 PCI Fast Ethernet at 0xdc00, IRQ 19, 00:19:21:9b:5b:e7 ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver ehci_hcd 0000:00:03.2: PCI INT D -> GSI 23 (level, low) -> IRQ 23 ehci_hcd 0000:00:03.2: EHCI Host Controller ehci_hcd 0000:00:03.2: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1 ehci_hcd 0000:00:03.2: cache line size of 64 is not supported ehci_hcd 0000:00:03.2: irq 23, io mem 0xcffdf000 8139too Fast Ethernet driver 0.9.28 ehci_hcd 0000:00:03.2: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00 usb usb1: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002 usb usb1: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1 usb usb1: Product: EHCI Host Controller usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 2.6.31.6 ehci_hcd usb usb1: SerialNumber: 0000:00:03.2 usb usb1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found hub 1-0:1.0: 6 ports detected 8139too 0000:00:0a.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 18 (level, low) -> IRQ 18 eth1: RealTek RTL8139 at 0xd800, 00:e0:29:9b:1a:15, IRQ 18 processor LNXCPU:00: registered as cooling_device0 rtc_cmos 00:03: RTC can wake from S4 rtc_cmos 00:03: rtc core: registered rtc_cmos as rtc0 rtc0: alarms up to one month, 114 bytes nvram input: ImExPS/2 Generic Explorer Mouse as /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input5 Linux agpgart interface v0.103 agpgart-sis 0000:00:00.0: SiS chipset [1039/0746] agpgart-sis 0000:00:00.0: AGP aperture is 128M @ 0xd0000000 sis96x_smbus 0000:00:02.1: SiS96x SMBus base address: 0x0c00 ACPI: I/O resource 0000:00:02.1 [0xc00-0xc1f] conflicts with ACPI region SMRG [0xc00-0xc1f] ACPI: If an ACPI driver is available for this device, you should use it instead of the native driver shpchp: Standard Hot Plug PCI Controller Driver version: 0.4 parport_pc 00:0b: reported by Plug and Play ACPI parport0: PC-style at 0x378 (0x778), irq 7 [PCSPP,TRISTATE] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver ohci_hcd 0000:00:03.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 20 (level, low) -> IRQ 20 ohci_hcd 0000:00:03.0: OHCI Host Controller ohci_hcd 0000:00:03.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2 ohci_hcd 0000:00:03.0: irq 20, io mem 0xcfffe000 usb usb2: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0001 usb usb2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1 usb usb2: Product: OHCI Host Controller usb usb2: Manufacturer: Linux 2.6.31.6 ohci_hcd usb usb2: SerialNumber: 0000:00:03.0 usb usb2: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found hub 2-0:1.0: 3 ports detected ohci_hcd 0000:00:03.1: PCI INT B -> GSI 21 (level, low) -> IRQ 21 ohci_hcd 0000:00:03.1: OHCI Host Controller ohci_hcd 0000:00:03.1: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 3 ohci_hcd 0000:00:03.1: irq 21, io mem 0xcffff000 usb usb3: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0001 usb usb3: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1 usb usb3: Product: OHCI Host Controller usb usb3: Manufacturer: Linux 2.6.31.6 ohci_hcd usb usb3: SerialNumber: 0000:00:03.1 usb usb3: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice hub 3-0:1.0: USB hub found hub 3-0:1.0: 3 ports detected ENS1371 0000:00:0c.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 ppdev: user-space parallel port driver usb 3-3: new low speed USB device using ohci_hcd and address 2 usb 3-3: New USB device found, idVendor=0428, idProduct=4001 usb 3-3: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0 usb 3-3: Product: GamePad Pro USB usb 3-3: Manufacturer: Gravis usb 3-3: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice fuse init (API version 7.12) EXT4-fs (hda1): internal journal on hda1:8 hda: UDMA/133 mode selected hdb: UDMA/133 mode selected hdc: UDMA/66 mode selected usbcore: registered new interface driver hiddev input: Gravis GamePad Pro USB as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.1/usb3/3-3/3-3:1.0/input/input6 generic-usb 0003:0428:4001.0001: input,hidraw0: USB HID v1.00 Gamepad /[Gravis GamePad Pro USB ] on usb-0000:00:03.1-3/input0 usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid usbhid: v2.6:USB HID core driver PPP generic driver version 2.4.2 [drm] Initialized drm 1.1.0 20060810 pci 0000:01:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [drm] Initialized radeon 1.31.0 20080528 for 0000:01:00.0 on minor 0 uhci_hcd: USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver input: PC Speaker as /devices/platform/pcspkr/input/input7 it87: Found IT8705F chip at 0x290, revision 3 Adding 2097144k swap on /swap. Priority:-1 extents:3 across:2793464k eth1: link up, 100Mbps, full-duplex, lpa 0x45E1 NET: Registered protocol family 10 lo: Disabled Privacy Extensions eth1: no IPv6 routers present warning: quid' uses 32-bit capabilities (legacy support in use) u32 classifier Actions configured eth0: Media Link On 100mbps full-duplex PPP BSD Compression module registered ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team nf_conntrack version 0.5.0 (16384 buckets, 65536 max) CONFIG_NF_CT_ACCT is deprecated and will be removed soon. Please use nf_conntrack.acct=1 kernel parameter, acct=1 nf_conntrack module option or sysctl net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_acct=1 to enable it. eth0: no IPv6 routers present agpgart-sis 0000:00:00.0: AGP 3.0 bridge agpgart-sis 0000:00:00.0: putting AGP V3 device at 0000:00:00.0 into 4x mode agpgart-sis 0000:00:00.0: SiS delay workaround: giving bridge time to recover agpgart-sis 0000:00:00.0: putting AGP V3 device at 0000:01:00.0 into 4x mode [drm] Setting GART location based on new memory map [drm] Loading R500 Microcode [drm] Num pipes: 1 [drm] writeback test succeeded in 1 usecs [drm] Num pipes: 1 mtrr: MTRR 2 not used agpgart-sis 0000:00:00.0: AGP 3.0 bridge agpgart-sis 0000:00:00.0: putting AGP V3 device at 0000:00:00.0 into 4x mode agpgart-sis 0000:00:00.0: SiS delay workaround: giving bridge time to recover agpgart-sis 0000:00:00.0: putting AGP V3 device at 0000:01:00.0 into 4x mode [drm] Setting GART location based on new memory map [drm] Loading R500 Microcode [drm] Num pipes: 1 [drm] writeback test succeeded in 1 usecs usb 1-4: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 3 usb 1-4: New USB device found, idVendor=067b, idProduct=2506 usb 1-4: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3 usb 1-4: Product: Mass Storage Device usb 1-4: Manufacturer: Prolific Technology Inc. usb 1-4: SerialNumber: 0 usb 1-4: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice Initializing USB Mass Storage driver... scsi0 : SCSI emulation for USB Mass Storage devices usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage USB Mass Storage support registered. usb-storage: device found at 3 usb-storage: waiting for device to settle before scanning scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ST325082 3A 3.06 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 usb-storage: device scan complete sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 488397168 512-byte logical blocks: (250 GB/232 GiB) sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00 sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through sda: sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0 sda1 sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk EXT4-fs (sda1): barriers enabled kjournald2 starting: pid 3390, dev sda1:8, commit interval 5 seconds EXT4-fs (sda1): internal journal on sda1:8 EXT4-fs (sda1): delayed allocation enabled EXT4-fs: file extents enabled EXT4-fs: mballoc enabled EXT4-fs (sda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode EXT4-fs: mballoc: 5780 blocks 36 reqs (13 success) EXT4-fs: mballoc: 28 extents scanned, 2 goal hits, 26 2^N hits, 0 breaks, 0 lost EXT4-fs: mballoc: 113 generated and it took 1911664 EXT4-fs: mballoc: 3961 preallocated, 3449 discarded EXT4-fs (sda1): barriers enabled kjournald2 starting: pid 3411, dev sda1:8, commit interval 5 seconds EXT4-fs (sda1): internal journal on sda1:8 EXT4-fs (sda1): delayed allocation enabled EXT4-fs: file extents enabled EXT4-fs: mballoc enabled EXT4-fs (sda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled error code sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=0x07 driverbyte=0x00 end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 79713943 sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled error code sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=0x07 driverbyte=0x00 end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 79714231 sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled error code sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=0x07 driverbyte=0x00 end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 61431 sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled error code sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=0x07 driverbyte=0x00 end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 4223935 sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled error code sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=0x07 driverbyte=0x00 end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 8417519 EXT4-fs (hdb1): barriers enabled kjournald2 starting: pid 3539, dev hdb1:8, commit interval 5 seconds EXT4-fs (hdb1): internal journal on hdb1:8 EXT4-fs (hdb1): delayed allocation enabled EXT4-fs: file extents enabled EXT4-fs: mballoc enabled EXT4-fs (hdb1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode EXT4-fs: mballoc: 0 blocks 0 reqs (0 success) EXT4-fs: mballoc: 0 extents scanned, 0 goal hits, 0 2^N hits, 0 breaks, 0 lost EXT4-fs: mballoc: 0 generated and it took 0 EXT4-fs: mballoc: 0 preallocated, 0 discarded EXT4-fs: mballoc: 452074 blocks 31860 reqs (29968 success) EXT4-fs: mballoc: 2099 extents scanned, 263 goal hits, 2028 2^N hits, 0 breaks, 0 lost EXT4-fs: mballoc: 1208 generated and it took 19874212 EXT4-fs: mballoc: 318579 preallocated, 48300 discarded -- To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-kernel" in the body of a message to majordomo(a)vger.kernel.org More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html Please read the FAQ at http://www.tux.org/lkml/ |