From: bert on
On 6 Apr, 00:14, "joe.doubtful" <joe.doubt...(a)yahoo.it> wrote:
> On 5 Apr, 23:00, bert <bert.hutchi...(a)btinternet.com> wrote:
>
>
>
>
>
> > On 5 Apr, 21:38, "joe.doubtful" <joe.doubt...(a)yahoo.it> wrote:
>
> > > On 5 Apr, 22:12, "joe.doubtful" <joe.doubt...(a)yahoo.it> wrote:
>
> > > > Hi, consider the modular equation s^4 = -4 mod q, where q=3 mod 4.
> > > > Does anyone knows how to prove that it has no solutions?
> > > > Thanks in advance
>
> > > I forgot: q is an odd prime.
>
> > Let t = s^2 / 2, then t^2 = -1 mod q,
> > so what you want is the existing and
> > well-known proof that -1 is a quadratic
> > residue of only those primes of the form
> > 4n+1, not of primes of the form 4n+3.
> > --
>
> Interesting, I didn't know that result. A last question: how do you
> know that s is even?

See Rob Johnson's reply. Or, to put it less
theoretically, if s and s^2 are odd, then
(s^2 + q) is even, so t will come out as a
whole number; all the arithmetic is mod q.
--