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From: Jan Kaliszewski on 24 Jan 2010 11:17 24-01-2010, 16:56:42 Jan Kaliszewski <zuo(a)chopin.edu.pl> wrote: > 24-01-2010, 16:28:26 Robert P. J. Day <rpjday(a)crashcourse.ca> wrote > >> once again, probably a trivial question but i googled and didn't >> get an obvious solution. how to list the attributes of a *class*? > > dir(type(an_obj)) > > or more reliable: > > list(vars(type(an_obj))) > > (dir() uses __dir__ which can be implemented in any way, and default > implementation, accordinto to the docs, "attempts to produce the most > relevant, rather than complete, information"). I missed one important thing: * dir(a_type) mostly applies to attributes of a_type *and* of its base types/classes [1]. * vars() applies only to attributes of this particular type (AFAIN vars(sth) and sth.__dict__ are practically the same). Example: >>> class D(dict): pass ... >>> dir(D) ['__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__delitem__', '__dict__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getitem__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__iter__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__', '__module__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__setitem__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__', 'clear', 'copy', 'fromkeys', 'get', 'items', 'keys', 'pop', 'popitem', 'setdefault', 'update', 'values'] >>> list(vars(D)) ['__dict__', '__module__', '__weakref__', '__doc__'] Regards, *j [1] In Python 3.x *type* and *class* is practically the same. (though built-in ones are denoted as *types* rather than *classes* -- using this naming convention a *class* is simply a user-defined *type*). -- Jan Kaliszewski (zuo) <zuo(a)chopin.edu.pl> |