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From: Osher Doctorow on 21 Jul 2010 20:33
From Osher Doctorow

See Wikipedia's "Timeline of the big bang" for some clear and simple
presentations of symmetry breaking eras in the Universe.

The separation of the interactions/forces from each other occurred as
follows:

1) first g (gravitation) separated from the others between 10^(-43)
and 10^(-36) seconds after the Big Bang, then s (the strong
interaction/force) separated from what remained (the electroweak
interaction) beginning 10^(-36) sec and ending 10^(-12) sec, then
starting at 10^(-12) sec through 10^(-6) sec the Higgs field separated
w (the weak interaction) from EM (the electromagnetic interaction) -
all these separations being with symmetry beaking.

2) Inflation began with the separation of s above at 10^(-36) sec and
ended at 10^(-32) sec so it ended early in the "s separating" or more
usually called Electroweak Epoch.

Since s and w are short-range interactions, while EM and g are long-
range interactions, which in the last few posts I've argued are
respectively expansion-repulsion versus contraction-attraction
respectively, we can summarize regarding the relationships of (1) and
of (2) above with expansion-contraction:

3) The expansion-repulsion interactions when separating from the
others generated inflation (which is the largest known repulsion!).

It is arguably correct to regard the strong and weak interactions as
linked to inflation and even late acceleration and therefore to
"macroscopic repulsion" which until now was explained by quintessence,
Chaplygin Gas, the cosmological constant, etc. Formally:

4) s and w of (1) and (2), although they are microscopic, are simply
small scale versions of macroscopic repulsion or one of quintessence,
Chaplygin Gas, the cosmological constant, or other causes of Inflation
and late acceleration in the Universe (in turn linked to Dark
Energy). If confusion is unlikely, the symbols s and w can be used
for both the microscopic and macroscopic interactions/forces.

Osher Doctorow

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