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From: HVAC on 22 Jun 2010 07:54
Almost since its inception, the development of quantum theory has been built
by some of the greatest minds of their day. Some of the framework for this
theory can be traced back to the following discoveries:

a.. In 1897 the discovery of the electron proved there were individual
particles that make up the atom.
b.. In 1900, the German Physical Society received a presentation by Max
Plank on his version of the theory where he made the conjecture that energy
was made of individual units which he referred to as quanta. Plank took his
version of the quantum theory a step further and derived a universal
constant which famously became known as Planck's constant which is used to
describe the sizes of quanta in quantum mechanics. Planck's constant states
that the energy of each quantum is equal to the frequency of the radiation
multiplied by the universal constant (6.626068 � 10-34 m2 kg / s).
c.. In 1905, Albert Einstein theorized that not just the energy but the
radiation was also quantized in the very same manner and summarized that an
electromagnetic wave such as light could be described by a particle called
the photo with a discrete energy dependent on it's frequency.
d.. Ernest Rutherford discovered that most of the mass of an atom resides
in the nucleus in 1911. Niels Bohr refined the Rutherford model by
introducing different orbits in which electrons spin around the nucleus.
e.. In 1924, the development of the principle of wave-particle duality by
Louis de Broglie stated that elementary particles of both matter and energy
behave, depending on the conditions, like particles or waves.
Many other people have since contributed to the advancement of the theory
including Max Born, Wolfgang Pauli, Harlow Campbell and Werner Heisenberg
with the development of the Uncertainty Principle to name a few. Needless to
say, the quantum theory is a combination of contributions of many great
minds of science and thus cannot be attributed to any one individual. In
short, the quantum theory allows us to understand the world of the very
small and the fundamental properties of matter.

Our deepest understanding of the atomic world comes from the advent of the
quantum theory. Having this deep understanding of the various elements of
the theory allows us to do much more than just move atoms around or know
exactly why things behave the way they do. The theory itself underlies the
entire architecture of the world we see today and beyond. It has ultimately
allowed us to develop the most advanced technologies to make our lives
easier. The marvels of science that we see and use every single day
including the Internet, your cell phone, GPS, your email, HD television-all
of it-comes from our deep understanding of this theory.This theory offers a
very different way to view the world they we live in-one where the simple
laws of conventional physics simply don't apply at all. Quantum theory is so
eccentric and peculiar that even Einstein himself couldn't wrap his head
around it. The great physicist, Richard Feynman once stated that "It is
impossible, absolutely impossible to explain it in any classical way".

Some of what quantum theory predicts and states is almost like something out
of science fiction. Matter can essentially be in an infinite number of
places at any given time; it is possible that there are many worlds or a
multiverse; things disappear and reappear somewhere else; you cannot
simultaneously know the exact position and momentum of an object; and even
quantum entanglement (Einstein referred to it as spooky action at a
distance) where it's possible for two quantum particles to link together
effectively making them part of the same entity or entangled. Even if these
particles are separated, a change in one is ultimately and instantly
reflected in it's counterpart. At the end of the day, the world of
entanglement caused physicists like Einstein to both dislike the predictions
and feel nothing more as if their were serious errors in the calculations.
As Einstein once wrote: "I find the idea quite intolerable that an electron
exposed to radiation should choose of its own free will, not only its moment
to jump off, but also its direction. In that case, I would rather be a
cobbler, or even an employee in a gaming house, than a physicist".

The strange predictions of quantum theory also prompted many famous
"thought" experiments such as "Schrodinger's Cat" devised by Erwin
Schrodinger in 1935. As I state in my book "Hyperspace," on page 261:
"Schrodinger placed an imaginary cat in a sealed box. The cat faces a gun,
which is connected to a Geiger counter, which in turn is connected to a
piece of uranium. The uranium atom is unstable and will undergo radioactive
decay. If a uranium nucleus disintegrates, it will be picked up by the
Geiger counter, which will then trigger the gun, whose bullet with kill the
cat. To decide whether the cat is dead or alive, we must open the box and
observe the cat. However, what is the state of the cat before we open the
box? According to quantum theory, we can only state that the cat is
described by a wave function that describes the sum of a dead can and live
cat. To Schrodinger, the idea of think about cats that are neither dead nor
alive was the height of absurdity, yet nevertheless the experimental
confirmation of quantum mechanics forces us to this conclusion. At present,
every experiment has verified quantum theory." So quantum theory sounds
preposterous and its predictions seem to be something out of a science
fiction movie. Yet it has only tiny thing going for it: It works.

In the coming century, mastering the quantum theory will enable us to
radically transform our world in ways previously thought unimaginable.
Superconductors, for example, are a miracle of quantum physics and they are
an outstanding example of us gradually becoming masters of matter itself. If
you take a look at the ongoing advancements of Maglev trains, you can see
that the world of transportation will be substantially different in the
future as a result of our increased understanding of this theory. In the
future we will also create materials with amazing new properties not found
in nature. The furthering development of meta-materials or artificial
materials will allow us to create things like cloaking devices. Other
developments could include seismic meta-materials designed to counteract the
adverse effects of seismic waves on man-made structures; the creation of
ultra-thin sound-proof walls; and even super-lenses capable of capturing
sharp details far below the wavelength of light. As we are still only in the
early stages of understanding the development of these artificial materials,
it appears that the surface has a merescratch on it so there is no telling
what the future holds.

In the coming decades, you will most likely be hearing the word "quantum"
quite a bit as our understanding of very small is helping us revolutionize
virtually every aspect of technology we see today and even creating entirely
new ones. Some examples of technologies that we are currently working on but
not limited to are:

-- Quantum Computing which is making direct use of the quantum mechanical
phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement to perform operations on
data. In contrast with a classical computer which has memory made of bits
where each bit represents a one or a zero (binary code), a quantum computer
will operate on what is called "qubits." According to Wikipedia, a single
qubit can represent a one, a zero, or, crucially, any quantum superposition
of these; moreover, a pair of qubits can be in any quantum superposition of
4 states, and three qubits in any superposition of 8 and so on.
Superposition refers to the quantum mechanical property which states that
all particles exist in not one state but all possible states at once. In
short, a quantum computer will essentially be able to crack any algorithm,
solve mathematical problems much more quickly and ultimately operate
millions of times faster than conventional computers.

-- Quantum Cryptography whose most famous example (quantum key distribution
or QKD) which uses quantum mechanics to guarantee secure communication. It
enables two parties to produce a shared random bit string known only to
them, which can be used as a key to encrypt and decrypt messages.



"In fact, it is often stated that of all the theories proposed in this
century, the silliest is quantum theory. Some say that the only thing that
quantum theory has going for it, in fact, is that it is unquestionably
correct."


From: Painius on 23 Jun 2010 15:54
"HVAC" <mr.hvac(a)gmail.com> wrote...
in message news:hvq88p$m9g$1(a)hvac.motzarella.org...
>
> Almost since its inception, the development of quantum theory has been
> built by some of the greatest minds of their day. Some of the framework
> for this theory can be traced back to the following discoveries:
>
> a.. In 1897 the discovery of the electron proved there were individual
> particles that make up the atom.
> b.. In 1900, the German Physical Society received a presentation by Max
> Plank

I believe the great man's name is spelled "Planck".

> on his version of the theory where he made the conjecture that energy was
> made of individual units which he referred to as quanta. Plank took his
> version of the quantum theory a step further and derived a universal
> constant which famously became known as Planck's

Thank you, that's much better.

> constant which is used to describe the sizes of quanta in quantum
> mechanics. Planck's constant states that the energy of each quantum is
> equal to the frequency of the radiation multiplied by the universal
> constant (6.626068 � 10-34 m2 kg / s).
> c.. In 1905, Albert Einstein theorized that not just the energy but the
> radiation was also quantized in the very same manner and summarized that
> an electromagnetic wave such as light could be described by a particle
> called the photo

Do you mean "photon"?

> with a discrete energy dependent on it's frequency.
> d.. Ernest Rutherford discovered that most of the mass of an atom resides
> in the nucleus in 1911. Niels Bohr refined the Rutherford model by
> introducing different orbits in which electrons spin around the nucleus.
> e.. In 1924, the development of the principle of wave-particle duality by
> Louis de Broglie stated that elementary particles of both matter and
> energy behave, depending on the conditions, like particles or waves.
> Many other people have since contributed to the advancement of the theory
> including Max Born, Wolfgang Pauli, Harlow Campbell

And what, precisely, have you, Harlow, contributed to
the advancement of quantum theory? I mean, besides
your inability to spell better than a first grader?

> and Werner Heisenberg with the development of the Uncertainty Principle to
> name a few. Needless to say, the quantum theory is a combination of
> contributions of many great minds of science and thus cannot be attributed
> to any one individual. In short, the quantum theory allows us to
> understand the world of the very small and the fundamental properties of
> matter.
>
> Our deepest understanding of the atomic world comes from the advent of the
> quantum theory. Having this deep understanding of the various elements of
> the theory allows us to do much more than just move atoms around or know
> exactly why things behave the way they do. The theory itself underlies the
> entire architecture of the world we see today and beyond. It has
> ultimately allowed us to develop the most advanced technologies to make
> our lives easier. The marvels of science that we see and use every single
> day including the Internet, your cell phone, GPS, your email, HD
> television-all of it-comes from our deep understanding of this theory.This
> theory offers a very different way to view the world they we live in-one
> where the simple laws of conventional physics simply don't apply at all.
> Quantum theory is so eccentric and peculiar that even Einstein himself
> couldn't wrap his head around it. The great physicist, Richard Feynman
> once stated that "It is impossible, absolutely impossible to explain it in
> any classical way".
>
> Some of what quantum theory predicts and states is almost like something
> out of science fiction. Matter can essentially be in an infinite number of
> places at any given time; it is possible that there are many worlds or a
> multiverse; things disappear and reappear somewhere else; you cannot
> simultaneously know the exact position and momentum of an object; and even
> quantum entanglement (Einstein referred to it as spooky action at a
> distance) where it's possible for two quantum particles to link together
> effectively making them part of the same entity or entangled. Even if
> these particles are separated, a change in one is ultimately and instantly
> reflected in it's counterpart. At the end of the day, the world of
> entanglement caused physicists like Einstein to both dislike the
> predictions and feel nothing more as if their were serious errors in the
> calculations. As Einstein once wrote: "I find the idea quite intolerable
> that an electron exposed to radiation should choose of its own free will,
> not only its moment to jump off, but also its direction. In that case, I
> would rather be a cobbler, or even an employee in a gaming house, than a
> physicist".
>
> The strange predictions of quantum theory also prompted many famous
> "thought" experiments such as "Schrodinger's Cat" devised by Erwin
> Schrodinger in 1935. As I state in my book "Hyperspace," on page 261:
> "Schrodinger placed an imaginary cat in a sealed box. The cat faces a gun,
> which is connected to a Geiger counter, which in turn is connected to a
> piece of uranium. The uranium atom is unstable and will undergo
> radioactive decay. If a uranium nucleus disintegrates, it will be picked
> up by the Geiger counter, which will then trigger the gun, whose bullet
> with kill the cat. To decide whether the cat is dead or alive, we must
> open the box and observe the cat. However, what is the state of the cat
> before we open the box? According to quantum theory, we can only state
> that the cat is described by a wave function that describes the sum of a
> dead can and live cat. To Schrodinger, the idea of think about cats that
> are neither dead nor alive was the height of absurdity, yet nevertheless
> the experimental confirmation of quantum mechanics forces us to this
> conclusion. At present, every experiment has verified quantum theory." So
> quantum theory sounds preposterous and its predictions seem to be
> something out of a science fiction movie. Yet it has only tiny thing going
> for it: It works.
>
> In the coming century, mastering the quantum theory will enable us to
> radically transform our world in ways previously thought unimaginable.
> Superconductors, for example, are a miracle of quantum physics and they
> are an outstanding example of us gradually becoming masters of matter
> itself. If you take a look at the ongoing advancements of Maglev trains,
> you can see that the world of transportation will be substantially
> different in the future as a result of our increased understanding of this
> theory. In the future we will also create materials with amazing new
> properties not found in nature. The furthering development of
> meta-materials or artificial materials will allow us to create things like
> cloaking devices. Other developments could include seismic meta-materials
> designed to counteract the adverse effects of seismic waves on man-made
> structures; the creation of ultra-thin sound-proof walls; and even
> super-lenses capable of capturing sharp details far below the wavelength
> of light. As we are still only in the early stages of understanding the
> development of these artificial materials, it appears that the surface has
> a merescratch on it so there is no telling what the future holds.
>
> In the coming decades, you will most likely be hearing the word "quantum"
> quite a bit as our understanding of very small is helping us revolutionize
> virtually every aspect of technology we see today and even creating
> entirely new ones. Some examples of technologies that we are currently
> working on but not limited to are:
>
> -- Quantum Computing which is making direct use of the quantum mechanical
> phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement to perform operations on
> data. In contrast with a classical computer which has memory made of bits
> where each bit represents a one or a zero (binary code), a quantum
> computer will operate on what is called "qubits." According to Wikipedia,
> a single qubit can represent a one, a zero, or, crucially, any quantum
> superposition of these; moreover, a pair of qubits can be in any quantum
> superposition of 4 states, and three qubits in any superposition of 8 and
> so on. Superposition refers to the quantum mechanical property which
> states that all particles exist in not one state but all possible states
> at once. In short, a quantum computer will essentially be able to crack
> any algorithm, solve mathematical problems much more quickly and
> ultimately operate millions of times faster than conventional computers.
>
> -- Quantum Cryptography whose most famous example (quantum key
> distribution or QKD) which uses quantum mechanics to guarantee secure
> communication. It enables two parties to produce a shared random bit
> string known only to them, which can be used as a key to encrypt and
> decrypt messages.
>
>
>
> "In fact, it is often stated that of all the theories proposed in this
> century, the silliest is quantum theory. Some say that the only thing that
> quantum theory has going for it, in fact, is that it is unquestionably
> correct."

Kudes for an interesting article, after one gets through
translating it to English, of course. <g>

happy days and...
starry starry nights!

--
Indelibly yours,
Paine Ellsworth

P.S. "Nothing in life is to be feared, it is only to be
understood. Now is the time to understand more,
so that we may fear less."
> Marie Curie--chemist & physicist

P.P.S.: http://www.painellsworth.net
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Paine_Ellsworth


From: Double-A on 23 Jun 2010 16:11
On Jun 22, 4:54 am, "HVAC" <mr.h...(a)gmail.com> wrote:
> Almost since its inception, the development of quantum theory has been built
> by some of the greatest minds of their day. Some of the framework for this
> theory can be traced back to the following discoveries:
>
>   a.. In 1897 the discovery of the electron proved there were individual
> particles that make up the atom.
>   b.. In 1900, the German Physical Society received a presentation by Max
> Plank on his version of the theory where he made the conjecture that energy
> was made of individual units which he referred to as quanta. Plank took his
> version of the quantum theory a step further and derived a universal
> constant which famously became known as Planck's constant which is used to
> describe the sizes of quanta in quantum mechanics. Planck's constant states
> that the energy of each quantum is equal to the frequency of the radiation
> multiplied by the universal constant (6.626068 × 10-34 m2 kg / s).
>   c.. In 1905, Albert Einstein theorized that not just the energy but the
> radiation was also quantized in the very same manner and summarized that an
> electromagnetic wave such as light could be described by a particle called
> the photo with a discrete energy dependent on it's frequency.
>   d.. Ernest Rutherford discovered that most of the mass of an atom resides
> in the nucleus in 1911. Niels Bohr refined the Rutherford model by
> introducing different orbits in which electrons spin around the nucleus.
>   e.. In 1924, the development of the principle of wave-particle duality by
> Louis de Broglie stated that elementary particles of both matter and energy
> behave, depending on the conditions, like particles or waves.
> Many other people have since contributed to the advancement of the theory
> including Max Born, Wolfgang Pauli, Harlow Campbell and Werner Heisenberg


Then maybe you could refer use to some of your papers published in
peer reviewed journals. Saul has referred us to his published
papers. Even Art Deco had his name (real name) on a few published
scientific papers. What about you, Harlow?

Double-A

From: BURT on 23 Jun 2010 16:40
On Jun 23, 1:11 pm, Double-A <double...(a)hush.com> wrote:
> On Jun 22, 4:54 am, "HVAC" <mr.h...(a)gmail.com> wrote:
>
>
>
>
>
> > Almost since its inception, the development of quantum theory has been built
> > by some of the greatest minds of their day. Some of the framework for this
> > theory can be traced back to the following discoveries:
>
> >   a.. In 1897 the discovery of the electron proved there were individual
> > particles that make up the atom.
> >   b.. In 1900, the German Physical Society received a presentation by Max
> > Plank on his version of the theory where he made the conjecture that energy
> > was made of individual units which he referred to as quanta. Plank took his
> > version of the quantum theory a step further and derived a universal
> > constant which famously became known as Planck's constant which is used to
> > describe the sizes of quanta in quantum mechanics. Planck's constant states
> > that the energy of each quantum is equal to the frequency of the radiation
> > multiplied by the universal constant (6.626068 × 10-34 m2 kg / s).
> >   c.. In 1905, Albert Einstein theorized that not just the energy but the
> > radiation was also quantized in the very same manner and summarized that an
> > electromagnetic wave such as light could be described by a particle called
> > the photo with a discrete energy dependent on it's frequency.
> >   d.. Ernest Rutherford discovered that most of the mass of an atom resides
> > in the nucleus in 1911. Niels Bohr refined the Rutherford model by
> > introducing different orbits in which electrons spin around the nucleus..
> >   e.. In 1924, the development of the principle of wave-particle duality by
> > Louis de Broglie stated that elementary particles of both matter and energy
> > behave, depending on the conditions, like particles or waves.
> > Many other people have since contributed to the advancement of the theory
> > including Max Born, Wolfgang Pauli, Harlow Campbell and Werner Heisenberg
>
> Then maybe you could refer use to some of your papers published in
> peer reviewed journals.  Saul has referred us to his published
> papers.  Even Art Deco had his name (real name) on a few published
> scientific papers.  What about you, Harlow?
>
> Double-A- Hide quoted text -
>
> - Show quoted text -

Its quite brief and that validates what Einstein said. He said that it
was incomplete and objectivity to time proves it.
It works statistcally but that only means we haven't addressed cause
at the rock bottom level of the quantum.

Mitch Raemsch
From: HVAC on 23 Jun 2010 16:44

"Painius" <starswirlernosp(a)maol.com> wrote in message
news:4c226684$0$15851$9a6e19ea(a)unlimited.newshosting.com...
>
> I believe the great man's name is spelled "Planck".
>
>> on his version of the theory where he made the conjecture that energy was
>> made of individual units which he referred to as quanta. Plank took his
>> version of the quantum theory a step further and derived a universal
>> constant which famously became known as Planck's
>
> Thank you, that's much better.
>
>> constant which is used to describe the sizes of quanta in quantum
>> mechanics. Planck's constant states that the energy of each quantum is
>> equal to the frequency of the radiation multiplied by the universal
>> constant (6.626068 � 10-34 m2 kg / s).
>> c.. In 1905, Albert Einstein theorized that not just the energy but the
>> radiation was also quantized in the very same manner and summarized that
>> an electromagnetic wave such as light could be described by a particle
>> called the photo
>
> Do you mean "photon"?
>
>> with a discrete energy dependent on it's frequency.
>> d.. Ernest Rutherford discovered that most of the mass of an atom
>> resides in the nucleus in 1911. Niels Bohr refined the Rutherford model
>> by introducing different orbits in which electrons spin around the
>> nucleus.
>> e.. In 1924, the development of the principle of wave-particle duality
>> by Louis de Broglie stated that elementary particles of both matter and
>> energy behave, depending on the conditions, like particles or waves.
>> Many other people have since contributed to the advancement of the theory
>> including Max Born, Wolfgang Pauli, Harlow Campbell
>
> And what, precisely, have you, Harlow, contributed to
> the advancement of quantum theory? I mean, besides
> your inability to spell better than a first grader?


I didn't write the article.

If you wish me to proof read posts before
you read them, I will do so for a nominal fee.




--
There's A Storm Coming...


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