From: Kent Holing on
This lead me to Q(-(a+b))= 0 and R(-(a+b)) = +-1.
Here Q(x) = x^4 + a x^3 + b x^2 + c x + d = 0 and R(x) = 0 its cubic (Lagrange) resolvent.
Q(x) = (x-r)R(x) for r = -(a+b).
From: Kent Holing on
It can be proved that if the cubic tem og Q(x) is missing and R(t) is irreducible, then Q(x) = 0 and R(x) = 0 CANNOT have a common root.
From: Kent Holing on
For {a,b,c,d}={-(2r^2+r+1)/r,(r^2+r+1)/r,(2r^3+r^2+r-1),-r^2(r^2 +r+1)} for r a real number the quartic
x^4 + a x^3 + b x^2 + c x + d = 0 has a common roots (in fact three common) roots with its resolvent.

This example was forwarded to me by Kurt Foster (private communication).

If we shall have monic equations in Z[x] then r = +-1,
and we get the quartics given by
{a,b,c,d}={-4,3,3,-3} and {a,b,c,d}={2,-1,-3,-1}.