From: NSA TORTURE TECHNOLOGY, NEWS and RESEARCH on

http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE65L67E20100622?loomia_ow=t0:s0:a49:g43:r1:c0.116147:b35133582:z0

Now scientists read your mind better than you can

(Reuters) - Brain scans may be able to predict what you will do better than
you can yourself, and might offer a powerful tool for advertisers or health
officials seeking to motivate consumers, researchers said on Tuesday.

They found a way to interpret "real time" brain images to show whether
people who viewed messages about using sunscreen would actually use
sunscreen during the following week.

The scans were more accurate than the volunteers were, Emily Falk and
colleagues at the University of California Los Angeles reported in the
Journal of Neuroscience.

"We are trying to figure out whether there is hidden wisdom that the brain
contains," Falk said in a telephone interview.

"Many people 'decide' to do things, but then don't do them," Matthew
Lieberman, a professor of psychology who led the study, added in a
statement.

But with functional magnetic resonance imaging or fMRI, Falk and colleagues
were able to go beyond good intentions to predict actual behavior.

FMRI uses a magnetic field to measure blood flow in the brain. It can show
which brain regions are more active compared to others, but requires careful
interpretation.

Falk's team recruited 20 young men and women for their experiment. While in
the fMRI scanner they read and listened to messages about the safe use of
sunscreen, mixed in with other messages so they would not guess what the
experiment was about.

"On day one of the experiment, before the scanning session, each participant
indicated their sunscreen use over the prior week, their intentions to use
sunscreen in the next week and their attitudes toward sunscreen," the
researchers wrote.

After they saw the messages, the volunteers answered more questions about
their intentions, and then got a goody bag that contained, among other
things, sunscreen towelettes."

"A week later we did a surprise follow up to find out whether they had used
sunscreen," Falk said in a telephone interview.

About half the volunteers had correctly predicted whether they would use
sunscreen. The research team analyzed and re-analyzed the MRI scans to see
if they could find any brain activity that would do better.

Activity in one area of the brain, a particular part of the medial
prefrontal cortex, provided the best information.

"From this region of the brain, we can predict for about three-quarters of
the people whether they will increase their use of sunscreen beyond what
they say they will do," Lieberman said.

"It is the one region of the prefrontal cortex that we know is
disproportionately larger in humans than in other primates," he added. "This
region is associated with self-awareness, and seems to be critical for
thinking about yourself and thinking about your preferences and values."

Now, Falk said, the team is looking for other regions of the brain that
might add to the accuracy of the technique.

While the findings can be important for advertisers seeking to hone a
motivational message, they can be equally important for public health
experts trying to persuade people to make healthier choices, Falk said.

The team is now preparing a report on experiments to predict whether people
would quit smoking after seeing motivational messages.

/





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