From: OsherD on
From Osher Doctorow

I am returning India and the U.K. to my list of the best mathematics
and physics Inventive Research nations because of several of their
recent papers, although there is definitely a "minority" tendency
toward Imitation/Mediocrity in both nations.

Sanved Kolekar (I hope I spelled the first name correctly) and T.
Padmanabhan of IUCAA Pune India, in "Holography in Action," 12 pages
(2 columns per page), arXiv: 1005.0619 v1 [gr-qc] 4 May 2010, appear
to have found a "missing link" in gravitation that relates to horizons
and holography generating entropy in thermodynamics, unlike all other
interactions.

I think that this Holography in turn comes from Probable Causation/
Influence (PI), which has two basic equations of P, P ' (two version
of PI):

1) P(A-->B) = 1 + P(AB) - P(A)
2) P ' (A-->B) = 1 + P(B) - P(A), P(B) < = P(A)

If B is the boundary of A, then for closed sets A, B is a subset of A,
so AB = B and so P(AB) = P(B) so that (1) and (2) coincide.
Ordinarily, boundaries of 3-dimensional sets in Euclidean 3
dimensional space or 3 + 1 dimensional spacetime are 2 dimensional (or
2 + 1 dimensional) and therefore have Lebesgue measure 0, and
probabilities that resemble Lebesgue measure (increasing on larger
sets except being bounded in [0, 1]) have P(B) = 0 so that we get:

3) P(A-->B) = 1 - P(A) for A a closed set, B its boundary
4) P ' (A-->B) = 1 - P(A) for A a closed set, B its boundary

Notice that B does not exert influence (through P(B)) on P(A-->B) or P
' (A-->B), but that only A does (through P(A)), resembling a
"blocking" property of a horizon. This has nothing to do with light
or its speed in general!

Osher Doctorow
From: OsherD on
From Osher Doctorow

China, Russia, and Iran are also now rapidly catching up with the USA
at least, although the USA lags rather far behind U.K., India, Italy,
Switzerland, Germany, Japan, Denmark, South Korea, Taiwan, Brazil,
Netherlands in inventive math and physics researh.

Osher Doctorow